10种中草药提取物体外抗铜绿假单胞菌作用研究

Antibacterial activity screening of 10 Chinese herbal medicines against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro

关键词:  中草药，粗糠柴，铜绿假单胞菌，MIC/MBC，抗菌活性

Key words:  Chinese herbal medicines, Mallotus philippensi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MIC/MBC, antibacterial activity

摘要:

通过对粗糠柴等10种中草药采用80%乙醇室温下浸渍制备的提取物进行体外抗铜绿假单胞菌及其耐药菌活性研究，并采取药敏纸片法测定临床分离菌株的耐药性。结果表明：这10种中草药80%乙醇提取物中，粗糠柴的乙酸乙酯层对铜绿假单胞菌标准菌及其耐药菌的抑菌效果最好，其抑菌圈直径范围在10～17 mm之间，MIC范围在0.125～0.5 mg•mL-1之间，MBC范围在0.5～1 mg•mL-1之间；正丁醇层、水层的抑菌活性较乙酸乙酯层弱，石油醚层对铜绿假单胞菌没有效果。而小叶藤黄、滇南红厚壳、续随子的乙酸乙酯层，巴豆、罗汉松、肉桂醇提物对铜绿假单胞菌及其耐药菌株有较弱抗菌活性；滇南红厚壳的正丁醇层、续随子乙酸乙酯层以及大八角和郁金的醇提物对铜绿假单胞菌及其耐药菌株均无活性。从这些数据中可以得出，粗糠柴的乙酸乙酯层、正丁醇层和水层对铜绿假单胞菌及其耐药菌有较好的抑菌活性，尤以乙酸乙酯层活性最好，而粗糠柴的石油醚层没有活性。

Abstract:

To investigate the in vitro antibacterial activities of 80% ethanol extracts from 10 Chinese herbal medicines against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its resistant strains, the drug-resistance spectrum of 7 P. aeruginosa stains isolated from the clinical sputum samples was determined by the Kirby-Bauer (K-B) method. The dried powder of the collected 10 Chinese herbal medicine samples were extracted with 80 % ethanol and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to get the Chinese herbal medicines ethanol extracts. The ethanol extracts were suspended in deioned water, then petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and n-BuOH were used to extract successively. The activities of each extract against P. aeruginosa were screened of inhibition zone diameters (IZDs) by the agar-diffusion methods, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were further determined by serial microdilution method. The data showed that of the 10 Chinese herbal medicines, the ethyl acetate extracts from Mallotus philippensis showed the most active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its resistant strains, with IZDs ranging by 10－17 mm, and the MICs and MBC ranging by 0.125－0.5 mg•mL-1, respectively. The activities of n-BuOH and water extracts were slightly weaker, whereas the petroleum ether extracts showed no activities against P. aeruginosa and its resistant strains. The ethyl acetate extracts from Garcinia cowa, Calophyllum polyanthum and Euphorbia lathyris, together with the ethanol extracts from Croton tiglium, Podocarpus macrophyllus and Cinnamomum cassia showed slightly weaker activities against P. aeruginosa and its resistant strains. The n-BuOH extracts from Calophyllum polyanthum, ethyl acetate extracts from Euphorbia lathyris and ethanol extracts from Illicium majus, and Curcuma aromatic all showed no activities against P. aeruginosa and its resistant strains. We could made a conclusion from those data that the ethyl acetate, n-BuOH and water extracts from M. philippensi. Arg had effective antibacterial activities against P. aeruginosa and its resistant strains, especially the ethyl acetate extracts showing the best activitity, compared with the others extracts,whereas the petroleum ether extracts showed no activities against P. aeruginosa and its resistant strains.