| 摘要: |
| 阿克苏地区农田灌溉水资源利用率相对较低,大多采用漫灌为主、滴灌为辅,加上环境干旱、水资源紧缺已成为制约当地红枣种植业发展的主要因素,因此迫切需要寻找新型节水灌溉方法。该研究采用美国 Dynamax公司生产的Flow-32包裹式茎流计对茎流速率进行连续监测,并在样地内安装HOBO小气候仪同步获取气象数据,将所得数据进行对比分析,探讨了不同灌溉方式下枣树茎流速率的变化规律以及与气象因子之间的关系。结果表明:两种灌溉方式下茎流连日变化呈现明显的昼夜变化规律,茎流速率均为单峰曲线且夜间茎流活动现象明显,早晨茎流启动时间W1早于W2 0.5 h,峰值前后W1和W2枣树茎流均出现较小幅度的“峰值群”,W1和W2峰值出现时间分别为13:30-14:30和13:00-14:30,峰值大小分别为2 133.33～2 724.93 g·h-1和2 234.11～2 689.40 g·h-1; 茎流日累积量变化过程曲线均为“S”形,但W1日茎流总量大于W2; 茎流速率变化曲线均与太阳辐射和温度呈现正相关,与空气湿度呈现负相关,与风速相关性较差; 太阳辐射表观波形变化趋势与两种灌溉方式下茎流变化曲线均存在异同,启动时间早于W1约0.5 h,W2约1 h,但峰值出现时间却晚于W1和W2。通过相关分析,太阳辐射均为主要影响因子,建立两种灌溉方式下液流速率与气象因子的多元线性模型,经过回归系数和相关系数检验,W1和W2多元线性回归方程均达到了显著水平。该研究结果为新型灌溉方式W1的实用性和优越性提供了科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 阿克苏地区, 枣树, 茎流速率, 开花期, 气象因素 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201508020 |
| 分类号:Q948.11 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2016)10-1198-08 |
| Fund project:中央级林业公益性行业科研专项(201304701-2)[Supported by Forestry Industry Research Special Funds for Public Welfare Projects(201304701-2)]。 |
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| Relationship between stem flow of flowering jujube and meteorological factors |
|
LI Hong1*, LI Huan2, PEI Dong3, CHENG Ping1, LIU Bang4,
ZHANG Zhi-Gang4, SUN Ming-Sen4, LI Chang-Cheng4
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1. Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China;2. Xinjiang Forestry Department, Urumqi 830000, China;3. Chinese Academy
of Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100091, China;4. Forestry and Horticulture College, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
|
| Abstract: |
| Aksu area of irrigation water resources use rate is relatively low, the irrigation, drip irrigation, and arid environment and water resource shortage have become the main factors of constrainting local jujube planting industry development, therefore, it is urgent to find new water-saving irrigation method. We studied the relationship between jujube stem flow variation by different irrigation methods and meteorological factors, continuously monitored stem flow rate with Flow-32 packaged stem sap flow gauge produced by Dynamax company. The results showed that the change of stem linger under two kinds of irrigation methods presenting the obvious diurnal variation law of stem flow rate were unimodal curve and stem flow activities at night phenomenon was obvious. Stem flow morning starting time of was 0.5 h earlier than that of W2, W1 and W2 jujube stem flow were small amplitude “peak population” before and after the peak,W1 and W2 peak time were respectively 13:30-14:30 and 13:00-14:30, peak value were 2 133.33-2 724.93 g·h-1 and 2234.11-2 689.40 g·h-1. Stem flow daily cumulative quantity change process curve were “S” shape, but W1, stem flow was greater than the total W2; Stem flow rate variation curves of solar radiation and temperature showed a positive correlation, a negative correlation with air humidity, poor correlation with wind speed; The apparent wave solar radiation trends under two irrigation methods and stem the flow curves presented similarities and differences, the start time was 0.5 h earlier than that of W1, 1 h earlier than that of W2, but the peak time was later than W1 and W2. Through correlation analysis, we deduced that the solar radiation main influencing factors, and set up two kinds of irrigation mode flow rate and meteorological factors of multivariate linear model, through the regression coefficient and correlation coefficient test, W1 and W2 multiple linear regression equation reached the significant level. This study provides scientific information for the practicality and superiority of new irrigation method W1. |
| Key words: Aksu, jujube, stem flow rate, flowering, meteorological factors |
