生态因子对滇重楼花药开裂的影响

Effects of ecological factors on anther dehiscence of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis

关键词:  滇重楼, 生态因子, 花药开裂

Key words:  Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, ecology factor, anther dehiscence

摘要:

滇重楼为延龄草科重楼属植物,具有极高的药用价值,由于重楼传统药用部位生长缓慢、繁殖力低下,以及人们对野生重楼资源的过度采挖使其资源日趋枯竭。滇重楼的花药在整个花期中存在开裂-关闭的现象,花药的有效闭合应是保护花粉、延长花粉寿命、增强雄性适合度的一种适应机制。该研究以滇重楼为对象,通过设计正交实验和对比实验,观测其花药开裂过程中的光照强度、温度、湿度的变化,探究光照强度、温度、湿度等生态因子对滇重楼花药开裂的影响以及滇重楼花药开裂与生态因子变化的关系。结果表明:(1)在滇重楼花药开裂的过程中,光照强度增强、温度升高、相对湿度下降;(2)温度是影响滇重楼花药开裂时间的主导因子,升温促进花药开裂,降温促进花药关闭;(3)高湿度及黑暗推迟花药开裂,但并不能阻止花药开裂;(4)低温可使滇重楼花药持续关闭,而光照强度越高,花药持续关闭所需的温度越低。该研究有利于解释滇重楼花药白天开裂夜晚关闭的现象与环境因子的关系,对滇重楼的栽培育种提供理论指导。

Abstract:

Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis to Trilliaceae plants, have a very high medicinal value, because of the traditional medicinal part slow growth and low fertility. Due to the excessive excavation of the resources of wild P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis excessive excavation, the resource is dried up. Anther dehiscence is a multistage process involving localized cellular differentiation and degeneration, combined with changes to the structure and water status of the anther to facilitate complete opening and pollen release. Jasmonic acid has been shown to be a critical signal for dehiscence, although other hormones, particularly auxin, are also involved. Anther dehiscence is affected by light, temperature, humidity and other ecological factors. P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis of anther in the entire flowering cracking-closure phenomenon, anther effective closure should protect pollen, for extend the service life of pollen, the increase of a male fitness adaptation mechanism. We observed the effects of ecological factors, light intensity, temperature, humidity changes in anther dehiscence process of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. The effects of ecological factors such as light intensity, temperature, relative humidity and light quality on the anther dehiscence of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were studied by comparing experiments and orthogonal experiments. The main experimental results were as follows: Light intensity and temperature increased, humidity droped in the process of anther dehiscence of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis; Temperature was the main factor affecting anther dehiscence, temperature increasing encouraged anther opening and temperature decreasing encouraged anther closing; Dark and high humidity delayed anther dehiscence, but it did not prevent anther dehiscence; Low temperature kept anther remaining closed for a long time and increasing light intensity could reduce the temperature limiting anther dehiscence. The study explains the relationship between environmental factors and the phenomenon of anther opening in the daytime and closing at night,and provides the information for cultivation and breeding of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis.