灰树花菌丝体不同培养时期代谢组学分析

Metabolomic analysis of Grifola frondosa mycelium in different culture periods

关键词:  灰树花菌丝体, 培养时间, 代谢产物, 代谢通路, HPLC-MS/MS

Key words:  mycelium of Grifola frondosa, culture time, metabolite, metabolic pathway, HPLC-MS/MS

摘要:

为了解不同生长时期灰树花(Grifola frondosa)菌丝体的代谢产物差异及其通路,该研究采用HPLC-MS/MS分析方法对培养10、20、30 d的灰树花菌丝体进行分析。结果表明:(1)共42类584种代谢物被鉴定出,其中159种、47种和165种代谢物在对照组(10 d vs 20 d、20 d vs 30 d、10 d vs 30 d)中表现出不同的积累模式,不同培养时间的代谢物成分差异显著。(2)培养10 d产生较多与促进菌丝体生长和氧化供能有关的物质,培养20 d产生或积累了多种对人体有益的次生代谢物,如橄榄苦甙、甘胆酸、N-甲基酪胺、Alprazolam,培养30 d菌丝体中含有多种与产生香气有关的物质。(3)KEGG代谢通路富集分析,10 d vs 20 d比较组、20 d vs 30 d比较组和10 d vs 30 d比较组分别富集到163条、81条、137条代谢通路,氨基酸代谢在菌丝体不同培养时间中的影响最大。该研究初步探索了灰树花菌丝体的差异代谢物及代谢通路,并发现不同培养时间灰树花菌丝体代谢产物具有明显的差异,以及菌丝体中部分成分含量与培养时间有关,对灰树花菌丝体的质量控制和机理研究具有一定的参考价值。

Abstract:

To gain a comprehensive understanding of the metabolite differences and metabolic pathways involved in the mycelium of Grifola frondosa during various culture periods, this study employed HPLC-MS/MS analysis to thoroughly investigate the mycelium cultured for 10, 20, 30 d. The results were as follows:(1)We identified a total of 584 metabolites belonging to 42 different categories. Notably, among these metabolites, 159, 47, and 165 metabolites exhibited distinct accumulation patterns in the control comparison groups of 10 d vs 20 d, 20 d vs 30 d, and 10 d vs 30 d, respectively. This significant variation in metabolite composition across different culture periods suggested that the metabolic activities of the mycelium were dynamically changing as it grew.(2)During the early stage of culturing(10 d), the mycelium produced a higher concentration of metabolites related to promoting its growth and oxidative energy supply. As the culture progressed to 20 d, the mycelium began to produce or accumulate various secondary metabolites that were beneficial to humans. These included compounds like oleuropein, glycyrrhetic acid, N-methyltyramine, and alprazolam, which were known for their biological activities and potential in health benefits. As the culture progressed to 30 d, the mycelium contained multiple compounds were associated with aroma production.(3)To further understand the underlying metabolic processes, we conducted KEGG metabolic pathway enrichment analysis. This analysis revealed that the comparison groups of 10 d vs 20 d, 20 d vs 30 d, and 10 d vs 30 d were enriched in 163, 81, and 137 metabolic pathways, respectively. Among these, amino acid metabolism emerged as the most significantly influenced pathway in different culture periods, and this finding underscored the importance of amino acid metabolism in driving the metabolic activities of the mycelium during its growth cycle. In conclusion, this study initially explores the differential metabolites and metabolic pathways of the mycelium of G. frondosa, and finds that there are significant differences in the metabolites of the mycelium of G. frondosa in different culture periods, and that the contents of some components in the mycelium is related to the culture time, which has a certain reference value for the quality control and mechanism research of the mycelium of G. frondosa.