| 摘要: |
| 小黑麦(triticale)属于粮饲兼用作物,为筛选适合青海轻度盐碱地种植的饲用小黑麦种质资源,该研究以收集的1 784份小黑麦种质资源为试验材料,在青海轻度盐碱地种植,对其饲草和籽粒相关的13个农艺性状进行综合分析。结果表明:(1)同一品种农艺性状间相关性高,但群体间各农艺性状差异明显,遗传多样性指数为1.86～2.08,遗传背景丰富。(2)聚类分析将小黑麦种质资源分为4个类群,分别为籽粒高产优异种质、籽粒和饲草较差种质、饲草高产优异种质、籽粒和饲草中等种质。(3)主成分分析结果发现小黑麦种质资源农艺性状的多数信息包含在籽粒特征、株高、饲草产量、籽粒产量4个主成分因子,累计贡献率达76.951%。(4)通过综合评价,筛选出20份综合得分较高的小黑麦种质,包含8份籽粒产量高和12份饲草产量高种质。该研究综合分析了青海轻度盐碱地种植的小黑麦种质资源农艺性状,筛选出适合在该地区种植的优异小黑麦种质,可为耐盐饲用小黑麦新品种选育和耐盐分子机制研究提供依据。 |
| 关键词: 小黑麦, 轻度盐碱地, 种质资源, 农艺性状, 综合分析 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202412028 |
| 分类号:Q949.9 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2025)07-1250-10 |
| Fund project:青海省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2024ZY003); 青海省科技厅重大专项(2023-NK-A3-B3)。 |
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| Evaluation and screening of forage triticale germplasm resources in mildly saline-alkali soil of Qinghai |
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LIU Chengkai1, MA Fucai1, LI Jiedong1, MA Wenyan1,
LIU Baolong2, CAO Dong2, WANG Dongxia1*
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1. College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;2. Northwest Institute of Plateau
Biology, CAS/Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding in Qinghai Province, Xining 810008, China
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| Abstract: |
| Triticale is a grain and forage crop. In order to screen forage triticale germplasm resources for planting in mildly saline-alkali soil of Qinghai, this study analyzed 1 784 triticale germplasm resources planted in mildly saline-alkali soil by comprehensively evaluating 13 agronomic traits related to forage and grain production. The results were as follows:(1)High correlations were observed among agronomic traits within the same variety, while significant variations existed in these traits across populations, and the genetic diversity index was between 1.86 and 2.08, which reflected a rich genetic background.(2)Cluster analysis classified the triticale germplasm resources into four groups: high-yield grain excellent germplasm, poor-performing germplasm for both grain and forage, high-yield forage excellent germplasm, and intermediate-performing germplasm for both grain and forage.(3)Principal component analysis revealed that four principal components, grain characteristics, plant height, forage yield, and grain yield accounted for 76.951% of the total variation in agronomic traits of triticale germplasm resources.(4)Through comprehensive evaluation, this study identified 20 triticale germplasms with higher comprehensive scores, including 8 with high grain yield and 12 with high forage yield germplasms. This study comprehensively analyzed the agronomic traits of triticale germplasm resources planted in mildly saline-alkali soils of Qinghai, and screened excellent triticale germplasm suitable for planting in this area, providing a critical foundation for breeding new salt-tolerant forage triticale varieties and advancing research on the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance. |
| Key words: triticale, mildly saline-alkali soil, germplasm resources, agronomic traits, comprehensive analysis |
