| 摘要: |
| 西印度醋栗为大戟科叶下珠属常绿灌木或乔木,主产于泰国、越南、缅甸、老挝等地,中国云南西双版纳和元江有引种栽培。该植物果实可食用,枝叶、根茎、果实等在东南亚各国被广泛用于治疗高血压、哮喘、糖尿病、皮炎、发烧、天花等,印度尼西亚、泰国、印度等地区亦用其叶做蔬菜食用。有关其化学和药理活性研究,主要集中于根、茎和枝叶。根、茎主要含倍半萜、二萜和三萜,枝叶则主要为黄酮类成分。部分化合物显示有显著的抗乙肝病毒、抗菌、抗炎、保肝和降压等活性,其中,多个降没药烷型倍半萜对乙肝病毒(HBV)表面抗原(HBsAg)和e抗原(HBeAg)的IC50值为0.8～36 μmol·L-1,构效关系研究表明,倍半萜结构中C-5位的缩酮和C-13位的糖基取代可能对抗HBsAg和HBeAg的选择性有贡献。该文综述了1966—2020年西印度醋栗的化学成分和药理活性研究进展,为该植物的深入研究和开发利用提供科学参考和依据。 |
| 关键词: 西印度醋栗, 化学成分, 药理活性, 研究进展 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202010025 |
| 分类号:Q946; R284.1 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2021)11-1784-10 |
| Fund project:云南省自然科学基金(202001AS070017); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(82074124)[Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(202001AS070017); the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82074124)]。 |
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| Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological activity of Phyllanthus acidus |
|
XU Jia1,2, LI Na1, ZHU Hongtao1, YANG Weinong3, WANG Dong1,
YANG Chongren1, ZHANG Yingjun1*
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1. State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Kunming 650201, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Yunnan Xinxing
Greening Engineering Co., Ltd., Kunming 650228, China
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| Abstract: |
| Phyllanthus acidus, an evergreen shrub or tree in Euphorbiaceae, is mainly distributed in Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, Laos, etc. It is also introduced and cultivated in Xishuangbanna and Yuanjiang areas of Yunnan Province, China. The fruits are edible and the plant has been widely used to treat various diseases, such as hypertension, asthma, diabetes, dermatitis, fever, smallpox, and so on, by the local people of its growing areas. Moreover, the young leaves are utilized as edible vegetables in Indonesia, Thailand and India. Phytochemical studies yielded sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and triterpenes from roots and stems, and flavonoids as the major chemical constituents from the leaves. Some constituents showed obvious anti-hepatitis B virus(HBV), anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and anti-hypertensive activities. For example, parts of the norbisabolane sesquiterpenes displayed potential anti-HBV activities, with IC50 values of 0.8-36 μmol·L-1 against HBV surface antigen(HBsAg)and HBV excreted antigen(HBeAg), and the results indicate that the ketal group at C-5 and sugar moieties at C-13 play important roles in the selectivity of HBsAg and HBeAg. This paper reviews the research progress of chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of the plant from 1966 to 2020, which provides scientific evidence and reference for its future study, spread, application and development. |
| Key words: Phyllanthus acidus, chemical constituents, pharmacological activity, research progress |
