Page 143 - 《广西植物》2020年第9期
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1 3 5 8 广 西 植 物 40 卷
determined by micro ̄broth culture. The results were as follows: MIC/ MBC values of 16 kinds of extracts Gentiana riges ̄
 ̄1
censꎬ Hypericum patulum and Rabdosia serra were 0.19 to 3.12 mgmL ꎬ which had very strong antibacterial activities
to Staphylococcus accreus. The MIC/ MBC values of 14 kinds of extracts Polygonum capitatumꎬ Lophatherum gracile and
 ̄1
Scutellaria barbata were 1.56 to 6.25 mgmL ꎬ which had good antibacterial activities to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In
 ̄1
addition to the Sophora japonica extractꎬ the MIC/ MBC values of other extracts were 3.12 to 12.5 mgmL ꎬ which had
good antibacterial activities to Escherichia coli. The MIC/ MFC values of Agastache rugosa and Daemonorops margaritae
 ̄1
extracts were 0.78 to 6.25 mgmL ꎬ which had strong antibacterial activities to Candida albicansꎻ The MIC/ MFC value
of Gentiana rigescensꎬ Hypericum patulumꎬ Geumja ponicumꎬ Sophora flavescensꎬ Piper nigrumꎬ Penthorum chinenseꎬ
 ̄1
Piper longum and Lophatherum gracile extracts were 6.25 to 12.5 mgmL ꎬ which also had certain antibacterial activi ̄
ties to Candida albicans. Thereforeꎬ these selected Chinese herbal medicines had good antibacterial effectsꎬ and most of
them had broad ̄spectrum antibacterial activitiesꎬ but Agastache rugosa and Daemonorops margaritaeꎬ which had strong
antibacterial activity for Candida albicansꎬ and other Chinese herbal medicines had strong antibacterial activity for
Staphylococcus aureusꎬ such as Hypericum patulumꎬ Geumja ponicumꎬ Agrimonia pilosaꎬ Sophora flavescensꎬ Penthorum
chinenseꎬ Rabdosia serra. Above several kinds of Chinese herbal medicines can provide some reference for further reach ̄
ering of its active monomer compounds and mechanism of action.
Key words: Chinese herbal medicine extractsꎬ Staphylococcus aureusꎬ Pseudomonas aeruginosaꎬ Escherichia coliꎬ Can ̄
dida albicansꎬ in vitro antimicrobial
从青霉素开始ꎬ已发现近万种抗生素( 魏伟 性成分ꎬ这对延缓或逆转病原菌耐药以及研发低
芮ꎬ2018)ꎮ 随着抗感染治疗中抗生素的不合理使 毒有效的抗菌剂或抗菌增效剂具有重要的意义ꎮ
用ꎬ导致病原菌对抗生素的耐药性不断加剧ꎬ1945 实验以含有这些成分的 23 种中草药来对金黄色
年发现了耐药菌ꎬ1961 年发现了耐甲氧西林金黄 葡萄球菌( Staphylococcus aureusꎬSA)、铜绿假单胞
色 葡 萄 球 菌 ( Methicillin ̄resistant Staphylococcus 菌 ( Pseudomonas aeruginosaꎬ PA )、 白 色 念 珠 菌
aureusꎬMRSA)(Mendes et al.ꎬ 2014)ꎬ2002 年发现 (Candida albicansꎬ CA)、 大 肠 埃 希 菌 ( Escherichia
了耐 万 古 霉 素 金 黄 色 葡 萄 球 菌 ( Tiwari & Senꎬ coliꎬEC)及 MRSA、耐药铜绿假单胞菌、耐药白色
2006)ꎬ1994 年—2016 年陆续发现了抵抗全部抗 念珠菌进行体外抗菌活性筛选ꎬ为后期抗菌活性
生素的细菌(刘辉等ꎬ2001ꎻ新华网ꎬ2017)ꎮ 可见ꎬ 成分追踪及作用机制研究提供参考ꎮ
病原菌对抗生素的耐药、多重耐药( multidrug re ̄
sistantꎬMDR)、泛耐药等现象日趋严峻ꎬ使治疗耐 1 材料与方法
药菌感染处于用药难或无药可用的境地ꎮ 同时ꎬ
一个新 的 抗 生 素 上 市ꎬ 其 耐 药 菌 株 也 随 之 出 现 1.1 菌株与材料
(Davies et al.ꎬ 2010)ꎮ 1.1.1 菌株 标准菌株:金黄色葡萄球菌( ATCC
中草药在我国抗感染方面用药悠久ꎬ其具有 29213)、铜绿假单胞菌( ATCC 27853)、白色念珠
成分多样且结构复杂、毒副作用较小、作用靶位 菌(ATCC Y0109、ATCC SC5314) 购于中国药品生
多、不易产生耐药性等优点( 黄梅ꎬ2018)ꎮ 迄今为 物制 品 检 定 所ꎮ 金 黄 色 葡 萄 球 菌 [ CMCC ( B)
止ꎬ从中草药中已发现黄酮类、生物碱类、有机酸 26003]、大肠埃希菌[CMCC( B) 44102] 购于广州
类、挥发油类、多糖类、皂苷类、蒽醌类、香豆素类、 环凯微生物科技有限公司ꎮ 耐药菌株:耐甲氧西
鞣质类等诸多成分具有抑菌活性( Sharma et al.ꎬ 林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA 8、MRSA 15、MRSA 23、
2017ꎻ刘云宁等ꎬ2018)ꎮ 因此ꎬ从含有这些成分的 MRSA 40、MRSA 42、MRSA 82、MRSA 166、MRSA
中草药中筛选出具有抗菌活性的品种并追踪其活 187、MRSA 202、MRSA 440)ꎻ耐药铜绿假单胞菌