Page 40 - 《广西植物》2023年第7期
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1 2 0 8                                广  西  植  物                                         43 卷
                                                          续表 4
                                                              主要菌丝形态特征
                  分离菌株        主要菌落形态特征                                                 种属
                                                              Main morphological
                Isolated strain  Main morphological characteristics of colony          Species
                                                              characteristics of mycelium
                    M5        菌落圆形ꎬ菌丝为白色絮状ꎬ质地较紧密ꎬ             菌丝分支多且细长ꎬ小的分生孢子          子囊菌门ꎬ 粪壳菌纲ꎬ 肉座菌
                 尖孢镰刀菌        生长快 速ꎬ 整 体 菌 落 颜 色 为 淡 红 色 或 者  呈现卵圆形                    目ꎬ丛赤壳科ꎬ镰刀菌属
              Fusarium oxysporum  紫色                          Mycelium  has  many  branchesꎬ  Ascomycotaꎬ  Sordariomycetesꎬ
                              Round coloniesꎬ white flocculent myceliumꎬ  slenderꎬmall conidia are ovoid  Hypocrealesꎬ Nectriaceaeꎬ
                              dense textureꎬ fast growthꎬ overall colony               Fusarium
                              color is light red or purple
                    M6        菌落圆形ꎬ菌丝生长迅速ꎬ颜色为淡粉红              菌丝具有分支ꎬ 分生孢子形状多          子囊菌门ꎬ 粪壳菌纲ꎬ 肉座菌
                接骨木镰刀菌        色ꎬ气生菌丝丛呈现卷毛状                    样ꎬ有纺锤形、披针形等              目ꎬ丛赤壳科ꎬ镰刀菌属
                F. sambucinum  Round coloniesꎬ the mycelium grows rapidlyꎬ  Mycelium has branchingꎬ the conidia  Ascomycotaꎬ  Sordariomycetesꎬ
                              the color is light pinkꎬ the aerial mycelium  have  various  shapesꎬ  such  as  Hypocrealesꎬ Nectriaceaeꎬ
                              tufts show curly hair           fusiformꎬ lanceolateꎬ etc.  Fusarium
                    M7        菌落圆形ꎬ菌丝初期为白色ꎬ后期为灰色ꎬ             菌丝细长ꎬ有大量分生孢子ꎬ分生          子囊菌门ꎬ 粪壳菌纲纲ꎬ 肉座
                  哈茨木霉        向培养皿四周扩散生长ꎬ待孢子生长后菌              孢子单生                     菌目ꎬ肉座菌科ꎬ木霉属
              Trichoderma harzianum  落变为绿色ꎬ菌落边缘有白色条带          Mycelium is slenderꎬ with a large  Ascomycotaꎬ Sordariomycetesꎬ
                              Round coloniesꎬ the mycelium is white at the  number of conidiaꎬ conidia solitary  Hypocrealesꎬ Hypocreaceaeꎬ
                              beginningꎬ gray at the later stageꎬ spread and           Trichoderma
                              grow around the petri dishꎬ the colony
                              becomes green after the spores growꎬ there are
                              white stripes at the edge of the colony
                    M8        菌落不规则圆形ꎬ质地紧密ꎬ没有外渗液ꎬ             菌丝具有较多分支ꎬ菌丝体上有明          子囊菌门ꎬ 座囊菌纲ꎬ 格孢菌
            Pseudopyrenochaeta terrestris 菌丝暗灰色ꎬ菌落边缘白色ꎬ菌丝体为绒  显疣突                      目ꎬ格孢菌科ꎬ须壳孢属
                              毡状                              Mycelium has more branchesꎬ with  Ascomycotaꎬ Dothideomycetesꎬ
                              Irregularly round coloniesꎬ compact textureꎬ  obvious warts on mycelium  Plesporalesꎬ Pleosporineaeꎬ
                              no extravasationꎬ dark gray hyphaeꎬ white                Pseudopyrenochaeta
                              colony edgesꎬ tapetum ̄like mycelium
                    M9        菌落圆形ꎬ生长较慢ꎬ菌丝乳白色ꎬ为绒毡             菌丝有分支ꎬ分生孢子较多ꎬ簇生          子囊菌门ꎬ 粪壳菌纲ꎬ 小丛壳
                Plectosphaerella  状ꎬ培养基上有外渗液ꎬ培养基无可溶性          或者单生                     目ꎬ小不整球壳科ꎬ 小不整球
                  plurivora   色素                              Mycelium has branchesꎬ with many  壳属
                              Round coloniesꎬ growing slowlyꎬ mycelium  conidiaꎬ clustered or solitary  Ascomycotaꎬ Sordariomycetesꎬ
                              creamy whiteꎬ feltedꎬ extravasation on the               Glomerellalesꎬ Plectosphaerellaceaeꎬ
                              mediumꎬ medium without soluble pigment                   Plectosphaerella
                   M10        菌落圆形ꎬ菌丝白色至淡黄色ꎬ生长较快ꎬ             菌丝细长ꎬ分支较多ꎬ担孢子为圆          担子菌门ꎬ伞菌纲ꎬ红菇目ꎬ韧
                  毛韧革菌        气生菌丝绒毛状ꎬ质地疏松                    柱形                       革菌科ꎬ韧革菌属
                Stereum hirsutum  Round coloniesꎬ mycelium white to yellowishꎬ  Mycelium is slenderꎬ has more  Basidiomycotaꎬ Agaricomycetesꎬ
                              fast growthꎬ aerial mycelium fluffyꎬ lax texture  branchesꎬ the stamens are cylindrical  Russulalesꎬ Stereaceaeꎬ Stereum
                   M11        菌落圆形ꎬ菌丝绒毡或絮状ꎬ菌落生长较              菌丝分支多ꎬ有隔ꎬ分生孢子排列          子囊菌门ꎬ 粪壳菌纲ꎬ 小丛壳
             Colletotrichum boninense  慢ꎬ质地较密ꎬ无外渗液ꎬ菌落白色       较疏松ꎬ无色                   目ꎬ小丛壳科ꎬ刺盘孢属
                              Round  coloniesꎬ  mycelium  felted  or  Mycelium  has  many  branchesꎬ  Ascomycotaꎬ Sordariomycetesꎬ
                              flocculentꎬ colony growth is slowꎬ dense  septatedꎬ and the conidia are loosely  Glomerellalesꎬ Glomerellaceaeꎬ
                              textureꎬ no exudateꎬ colony white  arranged and colorless  Colletotrichum
                   M12        菌落圆形ꎬ生长较慢ꎬ菌丝短而密集ꎬ带有             菌丝分支多ꎬ有隔ꎬ在菌丝上有明          担子菌门ꎬ伞菌纲ꎬ伞菌目ꎬ鬼
                 Psathyrella  浅黄色ꎬ无外渗液ꎬ质地较密ꎬ菌丝绒毛状             显凸起ꎬ菌丝体顶端钝圆              伞科ꎬ脆柄菇属
               sulcatotuberculosa  Colony roundꎬ slow growthꎬ short and dense  Mycelium  has  many  branchesꎬ  Basidiomycotaꎬ Agaricomycetesꎬ
                              myceliumꎬ with light yellowꎬ no exudateꎬ  septatedꎬ with obvious projections on  Agaricalesꎬ Psathyrellaceaeꎬ
                              dense textureꎬ mycelium fluffy  the mycelium and bluntly rounded  Psathyrella
                                                              tips of mycelium
                   M13        菌落圆形ꎬ丝绒垫状ꎬ菌丝生长旺盛ꎬ菌丝             菌丝呈线形ꎬ有隔ꎬ菌丝上着生垫          子囊菌门ꎬ 座囊菌纲ꎬ 格孢菌
             Epicoccum catenisporum  初期为白色ꎬ后期变为浅红至黄色ꎬ培养基      状孢子座                     目ꎬ亚隔孢壳科ꎬ附球菌属
                              颜色变黄ꎬ无外渗液出现                     Mycelium is linearꎬ septateꎬ with  Ascomycotaꎬ Dothideomycetesꎬ
                              Colony roundꎬ velvet matꎬ mycelium growth is  cushion ̄like sporangia on mycelium  Plesporalesꎬ Didymellaceaeꎬ
                              vigorousꎬ the mycelium is white at the                   Epicoccum
                              beginningꎬ later become light red to yellowꎬ
                              the color of the medium becomes yellowꎬ no
                              exudate appears
                   M14        菌落圆形ꎬ有裂痕ꎬ生长缓慢ꎬ质地较密ꎬ无            菌丝密集ꎬ有隔ꎬ分生孢子圆柱形          子囊菌门、 座囊菌纲、 球腔菌
              Cercospora musigena  外渗液ꎬ菌丝为白色ꎬ培养基无色            Mycelium denseꎬ septatedꎬ  目、球腔菌科、尾孢菌属
                              Colonies roundꎬ with cracksꎬ slow growthꎬ  conidia cylindrical  Ascomycotaꎬ Dothideomycetesꎬ
                              dense textureꎬ no exudateꎬ mycelium is                   Mycosphaerellalesꎬ
                              whiteꎬ the medium is colorless                           Mycosphaerellaceaeꎬ Cercospora
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