Page 99 - 《广西植物》2023年第9期
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9 期 崔静娴等: 室内 CO 浓度、温湿度和光照变化对碰碰香挥发物释放量的影响 1 6 4 7
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Abstract: The aromatic odor of Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus has been found to have the potential to improve
physical and mental health of people in indoor environmentꎬ but its effectivess is reduced for that the release of volatile
organic compounds from plants is susceptible to indoor environmental changes. The purpose of this study was to
investigate the response of volatile organic compounds released by P. hadiensis var. tomentosus to common indoor
environmental changesꎬ and to provide a scientific basis for its efficient and sustainable application in building a
comfortable pro ̄biotic environment to improve the physical and mental health of indoor personnel. Thusꎬ the effects of
four typical indoor environmental factorsꎬ such as air temperatureꎬ air relative humidityꎬ CO concentration and light
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variationꎬ on the release of volatile organic compounds from P. hadiensis var. tomentosus were investigated in this
study. And the dynamic headspace and gas chromatography ̄mass spectrometry techniques were used to analyze the
volatile organic compounds in different indoor environments with an environmental control device based on mixed ̄level
orthogonal array design. The results were as follows: (1) Among the four typical indoor environmental factors of air
temperatureꎬ air relative humidityꎬ CO concentration and light conditionꎬ CO concentration and air temperature had
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greater effects on the release of volatile organic compounds from P. hadiensis var. tomentosusꎬ while the effects of air
relative humidity and light were weak. (2) For P. hadiensis var. tomentosus cultivated under normal photoperiodꎬ an
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environmental condition with CO concentration of 500 μmolmol ꎬ air temperature of 25 ℃ and air relative humidity
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of 60% was the most suitable for releasing volatile organic compounds from P. hadiensis var. tomentosus in the absence of
light. Under this environmental conditionꎬ the total amount of volatile organic compounds released by P. hadiensis
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var. tomentosus was 86.23 μgL kg ꎬ and the content of biological active components with potentials for the positive
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intervention of physical and mental health was 78.03 μgL kg . In summaryꎬ the results suggest that when the
aroma plant P. hadiensis var. tomentosus is used to build an indoor pro ̄biotic environment to maintain or improve the
physical and mental health of people in indoorꎬ the environmental conditions should be controlled properlyꎬ especially
CO concentration and air temperatureꎬ so as to fully and efficiently produce the positive health benefits from P. hadiensis
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var. tomentosus.
Key words: Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosusꎬ volatile organic compoundsꎬ temperatureꎬ relative humidityꎬ CO
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concentrationꎬ light conditionꎬ mixed horizontal orthogonal test
药 食 同 源 的 芳 香 植 物 碰 碰 香 ( Plectranthus compoundsꎬ VOCs) 的合成与释放是一个受多种因
hadiensis var. tomentosus)是唇形科延命草属的多年 素影响的复杂生理过程ꎬ与光周期、温湿度等影响
生灌木状草本植物ꎬ原产自西南亚地区及非洲好 生理状态的外界环境因素密切相关ꎬ许多植物 VOCs
望角(张玉晶和王连君ꎬ2020)ꎬ为花卉市场常见的 释放在不同环境下存在较大差异ꎮ 李莹莹(2012)
小型香草盆栽ꎬ常用于装饰室内或工作环境( 赵小 研究发现ꎬ矮牵牛中的苯环类物质在夜间释放ꎬ而
珍等ꎬ2016)ꎮ 植株茎叶不仅可以作为食用香料在 一些香气物质如异丁子香酚仅在白天释放ꎬ白玉兰
炒菜或凉拌时提味ꎬ还可以泡茶、泡酒( 张旋等ꎬ 鲜花在低温下仅释放几种挥发物ꎬ大多数萜烯类化
2019)ꎮ 植株芳香浓郁ꎬ其香气已被证明可显著改 合物为痕量或不释放ꎮ 此外ꎬ高光强、高温或湿度
善紧张 焦 虑 情 绪 ( 荆 小 洁 等ꎬ2020)ꎮ 现 代 人 类 增 加 在 一 定 程 度 上 会 刺 激 植 物 释 放 VOCs
80%的时间在室内度过ꎬ久处于室内的人们情绪 (Holopainen & Gershenzonꎬ 2010)ꎬ环境湿度增加可
和睡眠问题日益凸显( Mazlan & Abasꎬ 2021)ꎮ 近 使赤松和云杉释放的 VOCs 成分发生改变ꎬ并且湿
年来ꎬ新型冠状病毒( COVID ̄19) 的隔离防控措施 度增加与芳香物质 α ̄蒎烯的释放呈显著正相关(李
限制了户外活动ꎬ并使人们焦虑、抑郁的情绪分别 洪远等ꎬ2015)ꎮ 然而ꎬ也有研究显示一些植物的
增长了 16%和 28% (Rajkumarꎬ 2020)ꎮ 将碰碰香 VOCs 释放对于高湿度并不敏感ꎬ甚至会受到抑制
应用于构建对身心健康有益的室内环境ꎬ是一种 (李洪远等ꎬ2015)ꎮ 大气中 CO 浓度对植物 VOCs
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用于维护久居室内人群的生理和心理健康的行之 释放的影响可能因物种而异ꎬ目前尚未有统一观
有效的方法ꎮ 点ꎬ如高浓度的 CO 使花旗松 VOCs 释放量显著降
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然 而ꎬ 芳 香 植 物 挥 发 物 ( volatile organic 低ꎬ而令洋葱的 VOCs 释放量显著升高 ( Jasoni et