Page 160 - 《广西植物》2025年第4期
P. 160
7 7 4 广 西 植 物 45 卷
Abstract: Leaf is an important nutrient organ for physiological and biochemical activities of plantsꎬ and its functional
traits can reflect the environmental adaptability of plants to a certain extent. In order to reveal the relationship between
the functional traits of Castanopsis hystrix leaves and geographical environment factorsꎬ and to understand its adaptive
response to environmental changesꎬ in this studyꎬ six populations of C. hystrix in Guangxi were used as the research
objects. Various statistical methods including nested analysis of varianceꎬ principal component analysisꎬ and cluster
analysis were employed to analyze the variation of leaf functional traits and their correlations with geographical
environment factorsꎬ to explore the pattern of geographical and environmental variation in the leaf functional traits of
C. hystrix. The results were as follows: ( 1) The 13 leaf functional traits of C. hystrix showed highly significant
differences among and within populations (P<0.001)ꎬ with high diversity. (2) The leaf functional traits were dominated
by within population variation [average trait differentiation coefficient (V )= 22.28%]ꎬ and the differentiation between
st
populations of morphological traits (13.11% - 46.93%) was higher than that of physiological and biochemical traits
(10. 95% - 22. 59%)ꎬ indicating that the morphological traits of leaves responded more significantly to the
environment. (3) The leaf functional traits were positively correlated with altitudeꎬ latitude and longitudeꎬ but negatively
correlated with annual precipitationꎬ indicating that the leaf functional traits of C. hystrix were affected by altitudeꎬ
geographic distance and precipitation. (4) Cluster analysis divided the participating C. hystrix populations into two
groupsꎬ and Mantel test showed that leaf functional traits were significqantly positively correlated with both geographic
distance (P= 0.028) and altitude (P= 0.013)ꎬ and the effects of altitude on leaf functional traits were relatively more
significant. In summaryꎬ the functional traits of C. hystrix leaves are rich in variationꎬ which mainly originates from
within populations and show a pattern of geographic variation dominated by changes in altitudeꎬ latitudeꎬ longitude and
precipitation. The results of this study provides a theoretical basis for the conservation of C. hystrix germplasm resources
and the selection and utilization of seed sources.
Key words: Castanopsis hystrixꎬ functional traitsꎬ geographical environment factorsꎬ variation patternsꎬ
association analysis
植物功能性状是指植物在长期适应外界环境 功能性状与地理环境因子( 海拔、年均温、降水等)
的 过 程 中 形 成 的 形 态、 生 理 和 物 候 特 征 的响应研究越来越受关注ꎮ 研究表明ꎬ斑皮柠檬
(Cornelissenet al.ꎬ 2003ꎻ 宋帅帅等ꎬ 2023)ꎬ与外 桉( Corymbia citriodora ssp. variegata) ( 唐庆兰等ꎬ
界环境具有相互适应性和协同演化性( 王超等ꎬ 2022)、苦楝(Melia azedarach) (陈丽君等ꎬ 2016)、
2021)ꎮ 叶片是植物进行光合、呼吸、蒸腾等生理 毛白杨( Populus tomentosa) ( Du et al.ꎬ 2014) 等树
活动的重要营养器官(Ma et al.ꎬ 2023)ꎬ是高灵敏 木的叶长、叶宽、叶面积等功能性状随着海拔的升
度的环境传感器ꎬ最能体现植物的功能以及其对 高、纬度的增加ꎬ呈现逐渐变大的趋势ꎬ而蒙古栎
环境 的 适 应 性 ( Garnier et al.ꎬ 2004ꎻ Sandoval ̄ (Quercus mongolica) ( 尹杰ꎬ 2023)、青杨( Populus
Granillo & Meaveꎬ 2023)ꎮ 因此ꎬ叶片功能性状是 cathayana)(曹德美等ꎬ 2021) 等植物则与之相反ꎬ
植物功能性状的重要组成部分ꎬ也是植物响应环 体现了不同种类植物叶片对环境的适应性策略不
境变化的可靠指标( 熊玲等ꎬ 2024)ꎮ 一般认为ꎬ 同(罗欣语等ꎬ 2024)ꎮ 因此ꎬ探明特定植物叶功
叶片的形态性状和生理生化性状是叶片功能性状 能性状与环境因子的关系ꎬ对于深入了解环境因
的重要组成部分ꎬ共同影响着植物对环境的适应 子在驱动植物叶功能性状变异方面的贡献ꎬ以及
能力(孙梅等ꎬ 2017)ꎬ如叶长、叶宽、叶面积、叶厚 制定合理的资源保育和经营策略具有重要意义
等叶片形态性状可以反映不同种群间植株的生长 (刘乐乐等ꎬ 2017)ꎮ
差异及叶片变化规律( 孟益德等ꎬ 2022)ꎻ可溶性 红 锥 ( Castanopsis hystrix )ꎬ 为 壳 斗 科
糖、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛和脯氨酸等生理生化性状 (Fagaceae)锥属( Castanopsis) 常绿乔木ꎬ是我国华
与植物的抗逆 性 有 关 ( 黄 相 玲 等ꎬ 2018)ꎮ 近 年 南地区的优良乡土用材林树种ꎬ在广西、广东、云
来ꎬ随着对全球气候变化关注度的提高ꎬ植物叶片 南等省(区) 均有分布ꎬ主要集中分布在广西的东

