Page 6 - 《广西植物》2025年第4期
P. 6
6 2 0 广 西 植 物 45 卷
( 1. College of Life Sciencesꎬ Guangxi Normal Universityꎬ Guilin 541006ꎬ Guangxiꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant
Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrainꎬ Guangxi Institute of Botanyꎬ Guangxi Zhuang
Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Guilin 541006ꎬ Guangxiꎬ China )
Abstract: Pilea menghaiensis C. J. Chen is an endemic species of the genus Pilea Lindl. within the family Urticaceae
Juss.ꎬ which is only distributed in the Dai Autonomous Prefecture of Xishuangbanna in Yunnanꎬ China. This species has
limited specimens and a lack of description of the female inflorescence in the Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae.
Furthermoreꎬ there is a scarcity of relevant studies on the chloroplast genome and phylogenetic relationships of this
species. In this studyꎬ the complete chloroplast genome of P. menghaiensis was sequenced using high ̄throughput
sequencing technology. The chloroplast genome data of P. menghaiensis were assembled and annotated. Phylogenetic
trees of the genus Pilea were reconstructed based on the concatenated sequence matrix of chloroplast genome sequencesꎬ
as well as the combined matrix of the ITS sequence and two chloroplast DNA regions (trnL ̄F and rbcL). Additionallyꎬ
photographs and detailed descriptions of the pistillate inflorescence and achenes of P. menghaiensis were obtained. The
results were as follows: (1) The complete chloroplast genome was 152 079 bp longꎬ with a GC content of 36.62%ꎬ and
features a typical quadripartite structure with a large single copy region (LSC) of 83 178 bpꎬ a small single copy region
(SSC) of 18 355 bpꎬ and two inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 25 273 bp each. (2) A total of 132 genesꎬ including 87
protein ̄coding genesꎬ 37 tRNA genesꎬ and 8 rRNA genesꎬ were annotatedꎬ primarily distributed within the LSC and
SSC. (3) P. menghaiensis belonged to the sect. Verrucosae L. F. Fu & Y. G. Wei of Pileaꎬ was phylogenetically close to
P. sinofasciataꎬ with which it shared similar morphological characteristics. This study enriches the genetic information of
the chloroplast genome of P. menghaiensisꎬ providing a basis for developing molecular markers and studying genetic
diversity. It also serves as a reference for exploring species evolution within the genus Pilea.
Key words: chloroplast genomeꎬ phylogenetic analysisꎬ Pileaꎬ sect. Verrucosae L. F. Fu & Y. G. Weiꎬ
Pilea sinofasciata
冷水花属(Pilea Lindl.) 是荨麻科( Urticaceae) Y. G. Wei)、四萼组( sect. Tetrameris C. J. Chen)、
中物种多样性最丰富的属ꎬ约有 715 种ꎬ广泛分布 圆 瓣 冷 水 花 组 ( sect. Angulatae L. F. Fu & Y.
于热带与亚热带地区ꎬ少数分布在温带地区ꎬ具有 G. Wei)、 托 序 冷 水 花 组 ( sect. Lecanthoides C. J.
重要的经济价值和生态价值( Monroꎬ 2004ꎻ Li et Chen)、 三 萼 组 ( sect. Trimeris Y. G. Wei & A.
al.ꎬ 2021ꎻ Fu et al.ꎬ 2022a)ꎮ 该属具有两个分布 K. Monro)、 四 叶 冷 水 花 组 ( sect. Tetraphyllae L.
中心:一个是美洲热带地区ꎬ约 600 种ꎬ集中分布 F. Fu & Y. G. Wei)(Fu et al.ꎬ 2022a)ꎮ
在西印度群岛地区ꎻ另一个是亚洲东南部热带和 亚洲东南部热带和亚热带地区作为冷水花属
亚热带地区ꎬ约 150 种(陈家瑞ꎬ 1982ꎬ 1995ꎻ Chen & 第二大分布中心ꎬ比最大的美洲热带分布中心更
Monroꎬ 2003)ꎮ 具代表性且中国该属分布数量占该分布中心物种
前人在对冷水花属进行系统学研究的过程中ꎬ 数一 半 以 上ꎬ 约 90 种 ( 陈 家 瑞ꎬ 1982ꎻ Chen &
由于取样不足ꎬ尤其是缺乏一些具有代表性的基部 Monroꎬ 2003ꎻ Chen et al.ꎬ 2007ꎻ Monro et al.ꎬ
类群样品ꎬ导致该属的单系性并未得到充分的验证 2012ꎻ 王文采ꎬ 2016ꎻ Fu et al.ꎬ 2017ꎻ Yang et al.ꎬ
(Monroꎬ 2006ꎻ Wu et al.ꎬ 2013)ꎮ Fu 等(2022a)针 2018ꎻ 韦毅 刚ꎬ 2018)ꎮ 其 中ꎬ 特 有 种 数 量 为 54
对冷水花属进行了世界范围取样ꎬ结合 3 个 DNA 片 种ꎬ约占我国分布物种的 59%ꎬ而特有种中有 33
段(ITS、trnL ̄F、rbcL) 的序列数据ꎬ在前人构建的属 种由于无任何分子数据ꎬ因此其系统位置尚不明
下分类系统基础上进行了补充完善ꎬ并且为维持冷 确( 陈 家 瑞ꎬ 1995ꎻ Chen & Monroꎬ 2003ꎻ Fu et
水花属的单系性ꎬ对冷水花属进行了重新界定ꎬ提 al.ꎬ 2022a)ꎮ 勐海冷 水 花 ( Pilea menghaiensis) 作
出了 8 组属下分类系统ꎬ 分别为冷水花组 ( sect. 为我 国 特 有 种 之 一ꎬ是 陈 家 瑞 ( 1982) 依 据 两 份
Pilea)、全缘冷水花组(sect. Plataniflorae L. F. Fu & 1936 年采集的雄株标本描述发表ꎬ此后 80 余年间
Y. G. Wei)、疣果冷水花组(sect. Verrucosae L. F. Fu & 再无采集记录ꎬ其雌株和果的特征未知ꎬ导致对该

