Page 115 - 《广西植物》2026年第1期
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1 期             袁媛等: 太白贝母种子低温萌发过程中 C3H 基因家族鉴定及表达分析                                          1 1 1

             ( 1. College of Agriculture and Biotechnologyꎬ Yunnan Agricultural Universityꎬ Kunming 650201ꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. National and Local Joint Engineering
                   Research Center for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Southwest Chinese Medicinal Materials/ Key Laboratory of Medicinal
                       Plant Biology in Yunnan Provinceꎬ Yunnan Agricultural Universityꎬ Kunming 650201ꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. Lijiang Lüzhiyuan
                            Biotechnology Pharmaceutical Technology Development Co.ꎬ Ltd.ꎬ Lijiang 674100ꎬ Yunnanꎬ China )

                 Abstract: To analyze the role of C3H genes during the germination of Fritillaria taipaiensis seedsꎬ this study utilized
                 low ̄temperature germination transcriptome data and bioinformatics methods to systematically identify and analyze the
                 expression of the C3H gene family in F. taipaiensis. Five low ̄temperature candidate genes with high expression were
                 identified and their response mechanisms in response to gibberellic acid ( GA ) and abscisic acid ( ABA) were
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                 elucidated. The results were as follows:(1) Among 65 identified C3H family membersꎬ 7 were classified as stable
                 hydrophilic proteins and 58 exhibited instabilityꎬ with significant variation in protein length (197- 1 451 aa). Only
                 FtC3H43 and FtC3H50 were localized to chloroplast/ endoplasmic reticulumꎬ while the others were nuclear ̄
                 localized. ( 2) Conserved motif analysis revealed that Motif1 and Motif3 were widely present in C3H proteins.
                 Phylogenetic analysis results showed that 196 C3H proteins were clustered into five distinct clades (I-V)ꎬ with F.
                 taipaiensis C3Hs showing close evolutionary relationships to those in Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. (3)Under
                 GA treatmentꎬ FtC3H22 and FtC3H35 promoted germination during early ̄to ̄mid stages (A-C)ꎬ while FtC3H40 and
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                 FtC3H46 exhibited stage ̄specific expression at stages A and Eꎬ respectively. ABA treatment significantly upregulated
                 FtC3H46 but downregulated FtC3H22 and FtC3H35ꎬ suggesting FtC3H46 might mediate ABA ̄dependent cold stress
                 responsesꎬ whereas FtC3H22 and FtC3H35 played positive roles in germination regulation. This study reveals the
                 important role and complex regulatory mechanism of the C3H protein family in the seed germination of F. taipaiensis.
                 Key words: Fritillaria taipaiensisꎬ C3Hꎬ seed germinationꎬ bioinformation analysisꎬ expression pattern



                川贝母是我国珍稀名贵中药材ꎬ具有润肺止                            对模式植物拟南芥( Arabidopsis thaliana) 的研究揭

            咳、化痰平喘、散结消肿等功效( 刘梓贤等ꎬ2022)ꎮ                        示了该家族成员的特异性作用机制:AtC3H14 通过
            太白贝母(Fritillaria taipaiensis)为川贝母药材的重              介导次生细胞壁生物合成途径调控植株形态建成
            要基原植物ꎬ是百合科贝母属多年生草本药用植                              (Ko et al.ꎬ2009)ꎬ而 AtC3H15 则表现出双重调控
            物ꎮ 该物种主要分布在云南、重庆、四川、甘肃等                            特性———既能正向增强灰霉病抗性ꎬ又可负向抑
            海拔 3 000 m 以上的高山区域(中国科学院中国植                        制系统获得性抗性(Wang et al.ꎬ2020)ꎮ 值得关注
            物志编辑委员会ꎬ1997)ꎮ 值得注意的是ꎬ自 2021                       的是ꎬC3H 蛋白对木质素代谢通路的调控效应在
            年贝母属植物被列入国家二级保护植物后( 国家                             木本植物中尤为显著ꎮ Li 等(2022) 研究表明ꎬ大
            林业和草原局 农业农村部ꎬ2021)ꎬ野生资源的采                          青 杨 ( Populus ussuriensis ) PuC3H35 通 过 激 活
            挖受到严格限制ꎬ导致原料市场供给缺口持续扩                              PuEARLI1 基因表达ꎬ特异性促进根系木质素合成
            大ꎬ使得人工栽培的川贝母逐渐成为药材市场的                              与维管组织分化ꎬ这种分子级联反应不仅加速根
            主要来源( 郭尚磊ꎬ2020)ꎮ 太白贝母的繁殖生物                         系发育进程ꎬ还显著提升植株整体抗逆能力ꎮ
            学特性较为特殊:其种子繁殖过程中存在生育期                                  低温胁迫作为植物生长发育的 重 要 限 制 因
            (约 100 d) 与休眠期( 可达 200 d 以上) 的显著时                  子ꎬ其 分 子 应 答 机 制 研 究 备 受 关 注ꎮ 在 楸 树
            序差异ꎮ 这种生物学特性导致实际栽培中有效生                             ( Catalpa bungei) 低温响应信号转导网络解析中ꎬ
            育期缩短ꎬ成为制约产量提升的关键因素( 李庆                             Bao 等 ( 2024 ) 研 究 发 现 C3H 基 因 家 族 成 员
            等ꎬ2021)ꎮ 因此ꎬ突破种子休眠机制、促进萌发进                         CbuC3H24 和 CbuC3H58 呈现显著的低温诱导表
            程ꎬ对于延长植株生长期、提高鳞茎生物量积累具                             达特征ꎬ它们被证实为调控楸树耐寒性的关键效
            有重要实践价值ꎬ这也是当前太白贝母人工栽培                              应因子ꎮ 值得注意的是ꎬ植物激素网络在低温响

            研究的重点方向ꎮ                                           应中具有枢纽作用:赤霉素( GA ) 作为破除种子
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                 蒋明等(2016) 研究表明ꎬC3H 蛋白家族在植                     休眠的核心信号分子ꎬ与脱落酸( ABA) 构成的拮
            物生长发育与逆境响应中具有多维度调控功能ꎮ                              抗调控模块ꎬ共同决定种子萌发进程与抗逆响应
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