Page 106 - 《广西植物》2026年第2期
P. 106

3 0 0                                  广  西  植  物                                         46 卷
                 Abstract: Complete morphological characteristics are important basis for species classification. Melocalamus scandens
                 Hsueh & C. M. Hui and M. compactiflorus var. fimbriatus (Hsueh & C. M. Hui) D. Z. Li & Z. H. Guo are two species
                 endemic to Yunnan. Currentlyꎬ the morphological description of reproductive organs of M. scandens has not yet been
                 reportedꎬ and based on field surveys and literature reviewꎬ we found that the description of reproductive organs of the two
                 bamboo species was incomplete in the original literature. Based on extensive field surveysꎬ the super ̄barcodes plastid
                 genomes and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) sequences were exploited to reconstruct phylogenetic treesꎬ so that the
                 identities of individuals collected in the field could be confirmed. On this basisꎬ characteristics of the reproductive organs
                 of M. scandens were supplementedꎬ and the features of the culm leaf liguleꎬ and foliage leaf auricle and ligule were
                 refined. Morphological information of the culm leaf auricleꎬ and foliage leaf auricle and ligule of M. compactiflorus

                 var. fimbriatus were supplemented. The results were as follows: (1) Phylogenetic analysis based on nrDNA sequences
                 indicated that M. scandens and M. compactiflorus var. fimbriatus formed monophyletic clades with high support valueꎬ
                 respectivelyꎻ whereas in the plastid genome phylogenetic treeꎬ the individuals of these two species were polyphyleticꎬ
                 possibly due to incomplete lineage sorting in this group. (2) Supplementary description of M. scandens: culm leaf ligules
                 entire or dentateꎻ foliage leaf auricles tiny or absentꎬ oral setae presentꎻ upper margin of foliage leaf ligule ciliateꎻ
                 pseudospikelets clustered on nodesꎻ florets 4-6 with the apex one sterileꎻ glumes 2-4ꎻ lemma glabrousꎬ 15 ̄veinedꎻ
                 palea slightly bifid apicallyꎬ 2 ̄keeledꎬ keels with white ciliaꎻ lodicules 3ꎻ stamens 6ꎻ ovary ovateꎬ style 1ꎬ stigmas 3ꎬ
                 whiteꎬ plumose. (3) Complementary description of M. compactiflorus var. fimbriatus: culm leaf auricles linear or absentꎻ
                 ligules conspicuousꎬ margin long fimbriateꎻ foliage leaf auricles linear or absentꎻ ligules conspicuousꎬ margins dentate
                 when fimbriae deciduous later. The study confirms that the feasibility of comprehensively utilizing plastid genomes and
                 nrDNA sequences for species identification in the genus Melocalamus. The supplementary descriptions of inflorescence
                 and vegetative organ morphology provide a more comprehensive taxonomic basis for the accurate identification of M.

                 scandens and M. compactiflorus var. fimbriatus.
                 Key words: Melocalamus scandensꎬ M. compactiflorus var. fimbriatusꎬ inflorescence characteristicsꎬ vegetative
                 characteristicsꎬ complementary descriptionꎬ super ̄barcode



                梨藤竹属( Melocalamus Bentham) 隶属于禾本               (Liu et al.ꎬ 2023)ꎬ截至 2025 年 8 月ꎬ我国共记录
            科 ( Poaceae ) 竹 亚 科 ( Bambusoideae ) 箣 竹 族         有梨 藤 竹 属 11 种 1 变 种 ( Chen M et al.ꎬ 2025ꎻ
            (Bambuseae)ꎬ 为 攀 缘 状 竹 类 ( Benthamꎬ 1883ꎻ          Chen Y J et al.ꎬ 2025)ꎮ 从全世界范围来看ꎬ该属
            Li & Stapletonꎬ 2006ꎻ BPGꎬ 2012 )ꎮ 该属主要形           有 18 种 1 变种ꎬ主要分布于中南半岛、印度以及
            态特征为地下茎粗型ꎬ秆攀缘或横卧ꎬ秆壁厚ꎬ每                             我国西南地区( Nguyen & Tranꎬ 2010ꎻ Vorontsova
            节主枝 1 ~ 3 枚ꎬ其中 1 枚可与主秆相若ꎬ秆箨迟落                      et al.ꎬ 2017ꎻ Qin et al.ꎬ 2019ꎻ Liu et al.ꎬ 2023ꎻ
            或宿存ꎬ假小穗呈头状簇生于花枝各节ꎬ每假小穗                             Chen M et al.ꎬ 2025ꎻ Chen Y J et al.ꎬ 2025)ꎮ 在这
            具小花 2 或 3 朵ꎬ鳞被 3ꎬ雄蕊 6ꎬ柱头 2 或 3ꎬ颖果                  些已发表的梨藤竹属植物中ꎬ11 种 1 变种有花序
            浆果状ꎬ球形ꎬ果皮较厚ꎮ 梨藤竹属在 1883 年基                         特征描述ꎬ包括梨藤竹、澜沧梨藤竹( Melocalamus
            于其模式梨藤竹[Melocalamus compactiflorus(Kurz)           arrectus T. P. Yi)、 流 苏 梨 藤 竹 [ M. compactiflorus
            Bentham]合格发表ꎬ直至 100 年后ꎬ本属的第 2 个                    var. fimbriatus ( Hsueh & C. M. Hui) D. Z. Li &

            种西藏梨藤竹( M. elevatissimus Hsueh & T. P. Yi)         Z. H. Guo ]、 高 肩 梨 藤 竹 [ M. yunnanensis ( T.
            才在西藏墨脱发现[ 最新研究证明该种实则为空                             H. Wen) T. P. Yi](辉朝茂和薛纪如ꎬ 1992ꎻ 郭振

            竹属 ( Cephalostachyum Munro) 成 员ꎬ Chen Y J et       华和李德铢ꎬ 2001ꎻ Zhang et al.ꎬ 2016)ꎬ无耳梨藤
            al.ꎬ 2025]ꎬ之后陆续有新种或新组合发表( 易同                       竹[M. orenudus ( McClure) D. Z. Li & J. X. Liu]

            培ꎬ 1983ꎻ Ohrnbergerꎬ 1999ꎻ Vorontsova et al.ꎬ      (Chen Y J et al.ꎬ 2025)ꎬ 高 黎 贡 山 梨 藤 竹 ( M.
            2017ꎻ Liu et al.ꎬ 2023)ꎮ 近期ꎬ基于简化基因组数               gaoligongshanensis D. Z. Li & Z.C. Xu) ( Chen M et
            据和形态学证据ꎬ确认分布于海南原属于藤竹属                              al.ꎬ 2025)以及发现于越南的其他 6 种( Nguyen &
            (Dinochloa Buse)的 3 个竹种ꎬ应为梨藤竹属成员                   Tranꎬ 2010)ꎮ
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