Page 146 - 《广西植物》2026年第3期
P. 146

5 2 2                                  广  西  植  物                                         46 卷
            ( 1. College of Pharmacyꎬ Guangxi University of Chinese Medicineꎬ Nanning 530200ꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic
              Medicineꎬ Nanning 530200ꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. University Engineering Research Center of Development and Industrialization of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic
                Medicinal Materialsꎬ Nanning 530200ꎬ Chinaꎻ 4. Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicineꎬ Nanning 530200ꎬ
                     Chinaꎻ 5. Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Ethnic Medicine Resources and Applicationꎬ Nanning 530200ꎬ China )

                 Abstract: To investigate the effects of the endophytic Phomopsis Y118 agent on the growth of Zanthoxylum nitidum and
                 soil microecologyꎬ this study measured and analyzed the biomassꎬ active ingredient contentꎬ soil physicochemical
                 propertiesꎬ soil enzyme activities and soil microbial composition structure using Z. nitidum as the experimental
                 material. A pot experiment was conducted with five dosage levels of the microbial agent. The results were as follows: (1)
                 The application of Y118 agent significantly increased the biomass of Z. nitidum. Compared to the controlꎬ the leaf fresh
                                                                                                        ̄1
                 weightꎬ leaf dry weightꎬ root fresh weight and root dry weight achieved their maximum values under 25 gplant ꎬ
                 showing increases of 118.4%ꎬ 73.5%ꎬ 192.2% and 89.4%ꎬ respectively. (2) The application of Y118 agent improved
                 the accumulation of active ingredients. The contents of nitidine chloride and chelerythrine reached their peak levels at the
                                  ̄1
                 dosage of 35 gplant ꎬ increasing by 160.9% and 53.8% compared to the controlꎬ respectively. (3) The application of
                                                                            ̄1
                 Y118 agent modulated soil fertility to varying degrees. At a dose of 25 gplant ꎬ the contents of alkaline nitrogen and
                 available phosphorus reached their peak levelsꎬ increasing by 13. 6% and 17. 9% compared to the controlꎬ
                 respectively. (4) The application of Y118 agent increased the activity of soil enzyme to varying degrees. At a dose of 25
                        ̄1
                 gplant ꎬ the activities of sucrase and catalase in the soil reached the maximum valuesꎬ which were 42.9% and 13.4%
                 higher than the controlꎬ respectively. (5) The application of Y118 agent regulated the soil microbiome structure to some
                 extentꎬ with Saitozymaꎬ Pseudomonas and Aspergillus emerging as the predominant genera. In conclusionꎬ Y118 agent
                 promotes the growth and accumulation of active ingredients in Zanthoxylum nitidumꎬ which may be related to improving
                 soil fertility and enzyme activityꎬ and influencing the soil micro ̄ecological environment. The results of this study provide
                 a scientific foundation for the green cultivation and scientific fertilization of Z. nitidum.
                 Key words: Zanthoxylum nitidumꎬ endophytic Phomopsis sp.ꎬ microbial agentꎬ promoting growthꎬ soil microecology




                  两 面 针 为 芸 香 科 花 椒 属 植 物 两 面 针                分含量ꎬ而且还能改善土壤肥力状况( 李玉柱等ꎬ
            (Zanthoxylum nitidum) 的 干 燥 根 ( 国 家 药 典 委 员        2024)ꎮ 土壤酶活性是衡量土壤养分转化的重要
            会ꎬ2025)ꎬ始载于«神农本草经»ꎬ是广西道地药材                         指标ꎬ合理施用微生物菌剂可提高土壤酶活性ꎬ加
            及“桂十味”药材之一ꎬ位居瑶药五虎之首ꎮ 两面                            速养分活化(常丽娜等ꎬ2024)ꎬ从而促进植物生长
            针又名入地金牛、两背针、上山虎等ꎬ主要分布于                             发育ꎮ
            我国广西、广 东 以 及 云 南 等 地ꎮ 两 面 针 性 平ꎬ味                      目前ꎬ微生物菌剂已广泛应用于多种药用植
            苦、辛ꎬ其主要药效成分为氯化两面针碱和白屈菜                             物栽培中ꎬ其在促进作物生长、提高药效成分积累
            红碱ꎬ具有抗炎、抑菌以及抗肿瘤等药理活性( 扶                            以及改良土壤方面效果显著ꎮ 例如:丛枝菌根真
            佳俐等ꎬ2021ꎻLiang et al.ꎬ 2023)ꎮ 近年来ꎬ农林               菌可促进穿心莲根系发育ꎬ增加穿心莲内酯含量
            产业结构调整导致的毁林开荒等农业活动频繁ꎬ                              (顾元钦等ꎬ2025)ꎻ光合细菌菌剂提高黄芪根中黄
            两面针的生境遭受严重破坏ꎬ亟需通过人工栽培                              芪甲苷和毛蕊异黄酮含量的积累ꎬ并改善土壤肥
            实现野生资源的可持续利用ꎮ 传统栽培中ꎬ过量                             力(常佳钰等ꎬ2023)ꎻ贝莱斯芽胞杆菌 XY40 ̄1 改
            施用化肥易引发微生物群落失衡、土壤酸化板结                              善土壤理化性质ꎬ提升百合产量ꎬ促进多糖和总皂

            以及重金属污染等问题( 张明等ꎬ2023ꎻ王超等ꎬ                          苷含量的积累(张津浩等ꎬ2025)ꎻ芽孢杆菌菌剂促
            2024)ꎬ这促使我国加快新型肥料产业化进程ꎬ以                           进延胡索 生 长ꎬ 提 高 4 种 生 物 碱 含 量 ( 徐 皓 等ꎬ
            保障生态安全( 杨俊刚等ꎬ2024)ꎮ 微生物菌剂作                         2024)ꎻ娄彻氏链霉菌 D74 菌剂能改善绞股蓝根际
            为一种环境友好型农用制剂ꎬ通过工业化扩繁功                              微生态环境ꎬ提高绞股蓝总黄酮和总多糖的含量
            能微生物(有效菌)制备而成ꎬ具有环境友好性、可                            (曹麟等ꎬ2024)ꎮ 此外ꎬ内生拟茎点霉与植物有益
            持续性和生物安全性等优势ꎬ不仅能提高土壤养                              的相 互 作 用 也 得 到 广 泛 研 究ꎮ 例 如: Phomopsis
   141   142   143   144   145   146   147   148   149   150   151