| 引用本文: | 童玲, 沈佳豪, 赵 晓, 严岳鸿, 朱渝芬, 武建勇, 顾钰峰, 刘兴剑.长兴水韭,中国水韭属一个四倍体新种[J].广西植物,2024,44(4):611-618.[点击复制] |
| TONG Ling, SHEN Jiahao, ZHAO Xiao, YAN Yuehong, ZHU Yufen,
WU Jianyong, GU Yufeng, LIU Xingjian.Isoëtes changxingensis (Isoëtaceae), a new tetraploid quillwort species from China[J].Guihaia,2024,44(4):611-618.[点击复制] |
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| 长兴水韭,中国水韭属一个四倍体新种 |
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童玲1, 沈佳豪2,3,4, 赵 晓1, 严岳鸿5, 朱渝芬6, 武建勇1, 顾钰峰5*, 刘兴剑2,3,4*
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1. 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210042;2. 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所, 南京 210014;3. 南京中山植物园,
南京 210014;4. 江苏省植物资源研究与利用重点实验室, 南京 210014;5. 国家林业和草原局兰科植物保护和利用重点
实验室 深圳市兰科植物保护研究中心, 广东 深圳 518114;6.6. 湖州市生态环境局长兴分局, 浙江 湖州 313100
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| 摘要: |
| 水韭属是一类具有异形孢子的古老石松类植物,全属物种均被列入国家重点保护野生植物。该文报道了在浙江省长兴县新发现的一个四倍体水韭属居群。基于形态学、孢粉学和细胞学证据,将该物种命名为长兴水韭(Isoëtes changxingensis),并详细描述了其形态特征。长兴水韭与保东水韭(I. baodongii)在植株形态及孢子纹饰方面都较为相似,但不同之处在于其染色体为44条,大孢子极面直径为317～411 μm(平均360 μm)(vs. 染色体22条,大孢子极面直径390～510 μm,平均450 μm)。与同为4倍体的隆平水韭(I. longpingii)在孢子大小方面极为接近,不同之处在于其根状茎3裂,叶片中间宽2～3 mm,大孢子表面具棘刺-脊条状纹饰(vs. 根状茎2裂,叶片中间宽度1 mm,大孢子表面具瘤状-脊条状纹饰)。该种与中华水韭(I. sinensis)的区别在于其大孢子较小,表面纹饰不同,叶片长20～60 cm(vs. 大孢子极面直径340～450 μm,平均409 μm,具脊条状突起纹饰,叶片长15～30 cm)。长兴水韭目前仅分布于其模式产地的一处沟渠,由于其分布区狭窄,野生居群数量较少,栖息地环境受到人为干扰,因此根据IUCN红色名录评估标准,可将长兴水韭暂定为濒危(EN)等级。该种面临生境破坏和野外人为刈割的风险,因此很有必要开展迁地保护及野外回归等相关工作。该文编制了中国已报道的水韭属物种的分种检索表,为该属物种的鉴定和保护工作提供了参考。 |
| 关键词: 新分类群, 水韭属, 石松类植物, 濒危, 孢子纹饰, 水韭属检索表 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202312022 |
| 分类号:Q949 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2024)04-0611-08 |
| 基金项目:长兴县生物多样性本底调查评估项目(202308160013); 生态环境部“生物多样性调查、观测和评估”项目(2019HJ2096001006)。 |
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| Isoëtes changxingensis (Isoëtaceae), a new tetraploid quillwort species from China |
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TONG Ling1, SHEN Jiahao2,3,4, ZHAO Xiao1, YAN Yuehong5, ZHU Yufen6,
WU Jianyong1, GU Yufeng5*, LIU Xingjian2,3,4*
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1. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing 210042, China;2. Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;3. Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-
Sen, Nanjing 210014, China;4. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing 210014, China;5. Key
Laboratoryof National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, National Orchid Conservation &6.Research Center of Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518114, Guangdong, China;7.6. Huzhou Ecological Environment Bureau,
Changxing Branch, Huzhou 313100, Zhejiang, China
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| Abstract: |
| Isoëtes changxingensis, a new species from Zhejiang Province, China, is illustrated and described here. The new species morphologically resembles I. baodongii, but it differs from the latter by 44 chromosomes, megaspore 317 - 411 μm(mean=360 μm)[vs. 22, 390 - 510 μm(mean=450 μm)]. It is also similar to I. longpingii in terms of megaspore size, with the difference that I. changxingensis rhizome corms 3-lobed, leaves 2 - 3 mm wide at middle, megaspore echinate-cristate(vs. 2-lobed, 1 mm, tuberculate-cristate). This species is distinguished from I. sinensis by its smaller megaspore, different surface ornamentation, and leaf blade 20 - 60 cm [vs. 340 - 450 μm(mean=409 μm), cristate, 15 - 30 cm]. According to Guidlines for Using the IUCN Red List Criteria, the conservation status of I. changxingensis should be regarded as endangered(EN). |
| Key words: new taxon, Isoëtes, lycophytes, endangered, spore ornamentation, key to Isoëtes |
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