10个马齿苋类型的脂肪酸和草酸含量分析

Content analysis of fatty acids and oxalic acid in ten different types of purslane(Portulaca oleracea)

关键词:  马齿苋, ω-3脂肪酸, ω-6脂肪酸, ω-6/ω-3, 草酸

Key words:  purslane(Portulaca oleracea), ω-3 fatty acid, ω-6 fatty acid, ω-6/ ω-3, oxalic acid

摘要:

该研究采用气相色谱和比色法测定了10种不同来源马齿苋茎、叶中的脂肪酸和草酸含量。结果表明:(1)脂肪酸和草酸在10个不同类型马齿苋茎、叶中的含量均表现出一定的差异显著性。(2)与叶片相比,茎中的脂肪酸含量相对较低; 马齿苋茎、叶中以多元不饱和脂肪酸为主; 共测出两种多元不饱和脂肪酸,分别是亚麻酸(ω-3脂肪酸)和亚油酸(ω-6脂肪酸); 不同类型马齿苋叶片和茎中ω-3和ω-6脂肪酸分别占脂肪酸总量的62.71%～70.91%和9.30%～13.31%,以及26.04%～36.02%和31.61%～43.19%,‘金湖'‘南阳'马齿苋叶片和‘金湖'马齿苋茎中 SymbolwA@ -3脂肪酸含量显著高于其他类型; 国产马齿苋类型,尤其是茎中的 SymbolwA@ -6/ SymbolwA@ -3比例明显小于国外马齿苋类型。(3)马齿苋茎中的草酸含量明显高于叶; 除‘山东'‘Iran'和‘Pakistan'马齿苋茎中的草酸显著积累外,其他类型马齿苋茎中的草酸含量差异不显著。因此,马齿苋适宜早采收; ‘金湖'和‘南阳',尤其是‘金湖'类型的马齿苋是一种值得研究和推荐的马齿苋类型。

Abstract:

Contents of fatty acids and oxalic acid in the stems and leaves of purslane(Portulaca oleracea)from ten different sources were determined by gas chromatography and colorimetry. The results were as follows:(1)The contents of fatty acids and oxalic acid in the stems and leaves of ten different genotypes of purslane showed significant differences.(2)Compared with the leaves, the content of fatty acids in the stems was relatively low. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were dominant in the stems and leaves of purslane. Two kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acids, ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids were detected, which accounted for 62.71%-70.91% and 9.30%-13.31% in the leaves, 26.04%-36.02% and 31.61%-43.19% in the stems of the total contents of fatty acids in purslane, respectively. Among them, there were significantly higher contents of SymbolwA@ -3 fatty acids in the leaves of ‘Jinhu, China local' and ‘Nanyang, China local' and the stems of ‘Jinhu, China local', compared with other genotypes in the same organ. The SymbolwA@ -6/ SymbolwA@ -3 ratios of domestic purslane genotypes were significantly lower than those of foreign genotypes, especially in the stems.(3)The oxalic acid contents in the stems of purslane were significantly higher than those in the leaves. Oxalic acid was found significant accumulation in the stems of ‘Shandong, China local', ‘Iran' and ‘Pakistan'. And there was no significant difference in oxalic acid contents in the stems of other genotypes. Therefore, purslane is suitable for early harvest. Purslane from ‘Jinhu, China local' and ‘Nanyang, China local', especially ‘Jinhu, China local' is a kind of purslane worthy of research further and recommendation for generalization.