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                          Guihaia  Dec. 2022ꎬ 42(12): 2178-2187

            DOI: 10.11931/ guihaia.gxzw202102039
            杜梅娜ꎬ 赵祥ꎬ 李铭佳ꎬ 等. 不同叶型维西堇菜叶片结构及光合特征比较 [J]. 广西植物ꎬ 2022ꎬ 42(12): 2178-2187.
            DU MNꎬ ZHAO Xꎬ LI MJꎬ et al. Comparison of leaf structure and photosynthetic characteristics between two leaf types of Viola
            monbeigii [J]. Guihaiaꎬ 2022ꎬ 42(12): 2178-2187.


                      不同叶型维西堇菜叶片结构及光合特征比较



                                        杜梅娜 ꎬ 赵  祥ꎬ 李铭佳ꎬ 徐军山
                                                ∗

                                           ( 西北师范大学 生命科学学院ꎬ 兰州 730070 )

                 摘  要: 为探讨叶片斑纹的光合适应意义ꎬ该文选择有斑和无斑两种叶型的维西堇菜(Viola monbeigii)作为研
                 究材料ꎬ采用石蜡切片制片和显微镜观察叶片结构及 GFS 3000 便携式光合测量仪测量光合参数并进行比较ꎮ
                 结果表明:(1)两种叶型维西堇菜气孔均为不等型气孔ꎬ有斑叶片上、下表皮气孔密度、栅栏组织(PT)厚度、栅
                 栏组织与海绵组织的比值(PT/ ST)均显著低于无斑叶片ꎻ而上表皮气孔较大ꎬ表现出更适应弱光环境的结构
                 特征ꎮ (2)两种叶型维西堇菜暗呼吸速率(R )、初始荧光(F )、最大荧光产量(F )、光化学猝灭系数(q )、非
                                                    d
                                                                                                    P
                                                                                 m
                                                                 o
                 光化学猝灭系数(q )、PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量(F / F )、实际光化学反应量子效率(Yield)均无显著差异ꎬ有
                                N                         v  m
                 斑植株叶片叶绿素含量、最大净光合速率(P                 )显著低于无斑植株ꎻ有斑叶片表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)
                                                    max
                                                         ̄2   ̄1
                 在光合有效辐射(PAR)处于 400~2 000 μmolm s 之间时显著低于无斑叶片ꎬ无斑植株的光饱和点(LSP)
                 高于有斑植株ꎬ而补偿点(LCP)较低ꎮ 综上认为ꎬ无斑植株 PAR 利用范围较宽ꎬ光合适应能力更强ꎬ有利于维
                 西堇菜充分利用环境中有限的资源ꎬ保障物种生存ꎻ有斑植株具有较适应弱光胁迫的特征ꎬ表明叶片斑纹的出
                 现可能是维西堇菜适应林缘弱光环境的一种策略ꎮ
                 关键词: 维西堇菜ꎬ 光合特征ꎬ 叶绿素荧光ꎬ 显微结构ꎬ 生态适应
                 中图分类号: Q945    文献标识码: A    文章编号: 1000 ̄3142(2022)12 ̄2178 ̄10


                      Comparison of leaf structure and photosynthetic

               characteristics between two leaf types of Viola monbeigii


                                            ∗
                                 DU Meina ꎬ ZHAO Xiangꎬ LI Mingjiaꎬ XU Junshan
                                 ( College of Life Sciencesꎬ Northwest Normal Universityꎬ Lanzhou 730070ꎬ China )

                 Abstract: In order to explore the photosynthetic adaptation significance of variegated leavesꎬ variegated and non ̄
                 variegated leaves of Viola monbeigii were selected as materials. The leaf structure was observed by paraffin section and
                 microtechniquesꎬ and the photosynthetic parameters were measured by GFS 3000 portable photosynthesis measuring
                 instrument. The results were as follows: (1) The stomata of variegated and non ̄variegated leaves were all unequal
                 types. Howeverꎬ the stomatal density of the upper and lower epidermisꎬ the thickness of palisade tissue (PT) and the
                 ratio of palisade tissue to sponge tissue (PT / ST) of the variegated leaves were significantly lower than those of the non ̄

              收稿日期: 2021-09-20
              基金项目: 国家自然科学基金( 31660060) [Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31660060)]ꎮ
              第一作者: 杜梅娜(1993-)ꎬ硕士研究生ꎬ研究方向为植物进化生态学ꎬ(E ̄mail)1293161196@ qq.comꎮ
              通信作者
            ∗
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