Page 41 - 《广西植物》2023年第9期
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9 期 余洪艳等: 水葱和香蒲叶经济性状对模拟增温和 CO 浓度倍增的响应 1 5 8 9
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( 1. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservationꎬ Restoration and Ecological Servicesꎬ Kunming 650224ꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. National
Plateau Wetlands Research Centerꎬ Southwest Forestry Universityꎬ Kunming 650224ꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. National Wetland Ecosystem Fixed
Research Station of Yunnan Dianchiꎬ Jinning 650600ꎬ Yunnanꎬ China )
Abstract: Climate change is an environmental issue of common concern to the international community. The response of
plants to climate change reflects the growth and survival strategies of plants in response to climate change. Leaf economic
traits are directly related to the resource acquisitionꎬ utilization and storage of plantꎬ and are significantly affected by
temperature conditions and CO concentration. A capped growth chamber with an artificial environment control system
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was used to study the response of the leaf economic traits of the widely spread wetland plants Scirpus validus and Typha
orientalis to the simulated warming (current ambient temperature +2 ℃) and doubled CO concentration (increased to
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850 μmolmol ). The results were as follows: (1) The net photosynthetic rateꎬ contents of N and P Scirpus validus
were significantly reducedꎬ but the intercellular CO concentration and leaf mass per area increased significantly under
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increased temperature treatment. Both the intercellular CO concentration and net photosynthetic rate of S. validus were
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significantly reducedꎬ but the leaf mass per area was significantly increased under the treatment of doubled CO
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concentration. (2) Similar to S. validusꎬ the leaf mass per area of Typha orientalis also increased significantlyꎬ while the
contents of N and P were significantly reduced under warming treatmentꎻ in additionꎬ the photosynthetic parametersꎬ
contents of N and P of T. orientalis were significantly reducedꎬ while the leaf mass per area increased significantly under
the treatment of doubled CO concentration. (3) The leaf mass per areaꎬ contents of N and Pꎬ net photosynthetic rateꎬ
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stomatal conductanceꎬ and intercellular CO concentration of Scirpus validus were significantly correlated with the first
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two axes of the principal component analysisꎻ while all the studied leaf economic traits of Typha orientalis were related to
two environment variablesꎬ indicating that these traits played an important role in the response of plants to changes in
temperature and CO concentration. (4) In addition to C contentꎬ other economic trait parameters of Scirpus validus and
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Typha orientalis including net photosynthetic rateꎬ stomatal conductanceꎬ transpiration rateꎬ intercellular CO
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concentrationꎬ contents of N and P and leaf mass per area were all played important roles in response to increasing
temperature and doubled CO concentration. Overallꎬ these results reflect the response strategies of Scirpus validus and
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Typha orientalis on functional traits to increasing temperature and doubled CO concentration. The photosynthetic
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capacity and nutrient contents of the two species are significantly inhibited under the two treatmentsꎬ but their resistance
to stress increasedꎬ indicating that the increase in temperature and CO concentration are not conducive to the growth of
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the two species.
Key words: climatic changeꎬ water ̄holding plantsꎬ plant economic traitsꎬ elemental contentꎬ environment
response policy
全球气候变化及其对人类和生态系统的影响 al.ꎬ 2021)ꎮ 植物的叶经济性状与植物对资源的
已成为世界共同关注的科学问题ꎮ 气候变暖和大 获取、利用和储存直接相关ꎬ反映了从保守型到获
气 CO 浓度升高是全球气候变化的两大主要特征ꎮ 得型的一系列对资源利用的策略梯度ꎬ主要包括
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政府间气候变化专门委员会( International Panel on 叶氮含量、叶磷含量、比叶重、光合速率等植物性
Climate ChangeꎬIPCC)第五次报告指出ꎬ预计在 21 状(Wright et al.ꎬ 2004ꎻReichꎬ2014)ꎮ 环境变化显
世纪末ꎬ全球平均地表温度在 1986—2005 年的基 著影响叶经济性状的表现ꎬ因此这些性状的变化
础上将升高 0.3 ~ 4.8 ℃ ꎬ大气 CO 浓度将达 540 ~ 有效地反映了植物在不同环境条件下的生长和生
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970 μmolmol ꎬ这些变化趋势还将进一步加剧 存策略(Reichꎬ2014)ꎮ 通过对全球 151 项研究的
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(IPCCꎬ2013)ꎮ 气候变化势必会对地球生态系统 365 个湿地的植物研究进行总结ꎬ以及对我国陕西
的结构和特征产生显著影响ꎮ 湿地生态系统为生 38 个点的 60 种湿地植物和 85 种陆生植物不同结
态和人类社会提供了很多关键的服务ꎬ对气候变 构经济性状的比较研究均发现ꎬ与非湿地植物相
化十分敏感ꎬ因此ꎬ了解气候变化对湿地的影响尤 比ꎬ湿地植物聚集在叶较薄的一端ꎬ即资源获得型
其是对 湿 地 关 键 物 种 的 影 响 十 分 重 要 ( Dang et 一端ꎬ比叶重较低ꎬ叶氮和磷较高ꎬ光合速率更快ꎬ