Page 206 - 《广西植物》2025年第3期
P. 206

5 8 6                                  广  西  植  物                                         45 卷
                 Abstract: To clarify the chemical constituents of the Tibetan medicine Codonopsis Convolvulaceae Radix (the roots of
                 Codonopsis convolvulacea var. pinifolia) by ultra high performance liquid chromatography ̄quadrupole ̄time of flight ̄mass
                 spectrometry ( UHPLC ̄Q ̄TOF ̄MS/ MS )ꎬ Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C ( 1. 7 μmꎬ 2. 1 mm × 150 mm )
                                                                           18
                                                                         ̄1
                 chromatographic column was used. The mobile phase was 0. 1 mmol  L ammonium acetate aqueous solution and
                                                   ̄1
                 acetonitrile. The flow rate was 0.3 mLmin ꎬ the injection volume was 3 μLꎬ and the column temperature was 40
                 ℃. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was used for mass spectrometryꎬ and the detection was conducted in negative
                 ion mode. The mass spectrometry scanning range was m/ z 100 - 1 800 (MS) and m/ z 50 - 1 800 ( MS/ MS). The
                 molecular formula of a compound was deduced based on quasi ̄molecular ions in its first ̄order mass spectraꎬ and its
                 structural fragments and possible molecular structure were elucidated by analyzing the characteristic fragment ions in its
                 second ̄order mass spectra. Finallyꎬ its structure was indentified by comparison with reference material and literature
                 retrieval. The results were as follows: (1) Totally 56 compounds were tentatively identified from the roots of C.
                 convolvulacea var. pinifolia for the first timeꎬ including 6 nitrogen ̄containing compoundsꎬ 6 phenylpropanoidsꎬ 22
                 lignansꎬ 2 flavonoidsꎬ 8 organic acidsꎬ and 12 glucosides or other compounds. Among themꎬ 11 compounds were
                 unequivocally identified by comparison with reference compounds. (2) Lignans and phenylpropanoids were firstly found
                 to be the main constituents of C. convolvulacea var. pinifolia rootsꎬ and their fragmentation pathways were deduced. In
                 this studyꎬ the application of UHPLC ̄Q ̄TOF ̄MS/ MS can quickly and efficiently elucidate chemical constituents of
                 C. convolvulacea var. pinifolia roots. It provides a chemical basis for further studies of quality standardꎬ in vivo process
                 and pharmacodynamic substances of Codonopsis Convolvulaceae Radix.
                 Key words: Codonopsis convolvulacea var. pinifoliaꎬ UHPLC ̄Q ̄TOF ̄MS/ MSꎬ chemical constituentsꎬ structural
                 elucidationꎬ fragmentation pathway



                据«中国藏药» ( 青海省药品检验所和青海省                         痛、贫血、食欲缺乏、肺阴虚咳嗽、扁桃体炎等( 中
            藏医药研究所ꎬ1996)、« 藏药志» ( 中国科学院西                       国科学院西北高原生物研究所ꎬ1991ꎻ青海省药品

            北高原生物研究所ꎬ1991)、« 中华本草( 藏药卷)»                       检验所和青海省藏医药研究所ꎬ1996ꎻ国家中医药
            (国家中医药管理局« 中华本草» 编委会ꎬ2002) 和                       管理局«中华本草»编委会ꎬ2002ꎻ四川省药品监督
            «四川省藏药材标准(2020 年版)» ( 四川省药品监                       管理局ꎬ2021)ꎮ 藏药鸡蛋参的化学成分研究尚处
            督管理局ꎬ2021) 等著作记载ꎬ藏药鸡蛋参为桔梗                          于起始阶段ꎬ除 17 种氨基酸、多种维生素和无机
            科鸡蛋参( Codonopsis convolvulacea) [ 现行正名为            元素等营养成分(钟惠民等ꎬ2002) 外ꎬ目前从藏药
            辐冠参(Pseudocodon convolvulaceus)]、薄叶鸡蛋参             鸡蛋参中共分离鉴定出 27 种化合物ꎬ主要包括蒽
            ( Codonopsis convolvulacea subsp. vinciflora) [ 现 行  醌类、三萜类、甾体类、脂肪族、有机酸类、木脂素
            正名为薄叶辐冠参(Pseudocodon vinciflorus)]、松叶              类、炔类等化合物(韩广轩等ꎬ2001ꎻ吴雷ꎬ2009ꎻ孙
            鸡蛋参(Codonopsis convolvulacea var. pinifolia) [ 现   秀丽等ꎬ2019)ꎮ
            行 正 名 为 松 叶 辐 冠 参 ( Pseudocodon                        迄今未见采用超高效液相色谱-四级杆飞行
            graminifolius )]、 大 金 线 吊 葫 芦 ( Codonopsis         时间质谱联用( UHPLC ̄Q ̄TOF ̄MS / MS) 技术对松
            convolvulacea var. forrestii) [ 现 行 正 名 为 珠 子 参    叶鸡蛋参的化学成分进行定性分析的研究报道ꎮ
            (Pseudocodon convolvulaceus subsp. forrestii)]、大叶  由于 UHPLC ̄Q ̄TOF ̄MS / MS 技术具有高灵敏度、
            党 参 ( Codonopsis affinis ) 和 大 萼 党 参 ( C.          高分辨率、高质量准确度、可获得二级质谱、分析
            macrocalyx) [ 现 行 正 名 为 大 萼 党 参 ( C.               速度快等优势ꎬ在天然药物的成分解析中发挥着
            benthamii)] 6 种植物的根ꎬ其 藏 文 音 译 名 为 “ 尼              重要作用(张杨等ꎬ2017)ꎮ 因此ꎬ本研究采用该技
            哇、聂哇”ꎮ 本研究所用的藏药鸡蛋参来源于松叶                            术对松叶鸡蛋参根的化学成分进行快速检测和鉴
            鸡蛋参(C. convolvulacea var. pinifolia)的干燥根ꎮ          定ꎬ拟解决以下问题:(1) 揭示松叶鸡蛋参根的主
                 藏药鸡蛋参具有清热、补气养血、润肺生津、                          要化学成分及其结构类型ꎻ(2) 揭示松叶鸡蛋参根
            补脾益胃、增强嗅觉等功效ꎬ可用于治疗感冒、胸                             的主要化学成分在液质分析中的主要裂解规律ꎮ
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