Page 6 - 《广西植物》2025年第6期
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9 9 2 广 西 植 物 45 卷
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LI Dongxing ꎬ XIANG Wusheng ꎬ DING Tao ꎬ WANG Denghui ꎬ NONG Zhengquan ꎬ
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LONG Jifeng ꎬ GUO Yili ꎬ LI Xiankun ꎬ WANG Bin
( 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrainꎬ Guangxi Institute of Botanyꎬ Guangxi Zhuang
Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Guilin 541006ꎬ Guangxiꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. Nonggang Karst Ecosystem Observation and
Research Station of Guangxiꎬ Chongzuo 532499ꎬ Guangxiꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. Administration Center of Guangxi
Nonggang National Nature Reserveꎬ Chongzuo 532499ꎬ Guangxiꎬ China )
Abstract: Spatial segregation among tree species in forest communities may be driven by strong habitat heterogeneityꎬ
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thereby shaping the tree species spatial structures that adapt to local complex habitats. Based on three 1 hm forest plots
with varying habitat heterogeneity in Guangxi karst seasonal rainforestsꎬ this study quantified community tree species
spatial structures by analyzing intraspecific spatial patterns and interspecific associations of dominant speciesꎬ testing
their responses to karst habitat segregation. The results were as follows: (1) Across all communitiesꎬ tree species
exhibited primarily small ̄ and medium ̄scale aggregations. On small scale (0-13 m)ꎬ 85% of species showed aggregated
distributionsꎬ which progressively decreased to 60% on medium scale (13-30 m). On larger scale (>30 m)ꎬ random
and regular distributions dominated (>80%). As topographic complexity increased among plotsꎬ the proportion of small ̄
and medium ̄scale intraspecific aggregations mean values of aggregated distributions were 63. 1%ꎬ 89.5%ꎬ 94.4%ꎬ
respectively. (2) Interspecific associations were predominantly spatial segregation and partial overlap. On small scale
(0-3 m)ꎬ such associations accounted for 50%ꎬ increased to 70% on small ̄medium scale (3-20 m) and declined to
40% on larger scale (>20 m). Higher topographic complexity correlated with increased small ̄ and medium ̄scale spatial
segregations and partial overlap mean values were 60.4%ꎬ 70.2%ꎬ and 83.7%ꎬ respectively. These findings suggest that
strong karst habitat heterogeneity enhances intraspecific aggregation and promotes the probability of spatial segregation
among different tree speciesꎬ implying that the isolation effect of localized complex habitats is a key driver factor shaping
community spatial structure of tree species in karst forest communities. This study underscores the need to evaluate local
habitat conditions and design species configurations mimicking natural karst forest communities in rocky desertification
restoration efforts.
Key words: interspecific associationꎬ spatial segregationꎬ habitat heterogeneityꎬ dispersal limitationꎬ pair ̄
correlation function
植物群落是在一定生境条件下ꎬ不同植物种 境下的 群 落 构 建 机 制 提 供 实 证 依 据 ( He et al.ꎬ
类经过长期相互作用、相互适应而形成相对稳定 1997ꎻ Wiegand et al.ꎬ 2007ꎻ米湘成等ꎬ2022)ꎮ
的植物组合ꎬ具有一定的群落外貌、共存物种、空 大量物种空间分布格局研究表明ꎬ全球不同
间结构ꎬ能适应其共同生存环境ꎬ是植被生态学研 植被类型群落物种均以聚集分布为主ꎬ并随着空
究的基本单位( Whittakerꎬ1978ꎻ方精云等ꎬ2009ꎻ 间尺度的增大ꎬ物种聚集的程度逐渐降低( Condit
王国宏等ꎬ2020)ꎮ 植物群落物种空间结构的形成 et al.ꎬ 2000ꎻ张健等ꎬ2007ꎻWang et al.ꎬ 2010ꎻ毛子
过程受局域原始生境条件的驱动ꎬ因此探讨原始 昆等ꎬ2020)ꎮ 生境异质性和扩散限制是造成群落
生境条件与群落物种空间结构之间的联系研究是 树种聚集分布的 2 个主要驱动因素( Shen et al.ꎬ
植物群落构建机制、植被生态系统管理和生物多 2009ꎻLin et al.ꎬ 2011)ꎮ 全球物种的种间关联格
样性保护的重要基础( 李先琨等ꎬ2003ꎻ郭柯等ꎬ 局在小尺度上表现出一定的种间负相互作用ꎬ而
2011ꎻ马克平和郭庆华ꎬ2021)ꎮ 通过分析植被群 密度制约是影响森林群落结构的关键过程( 祝燕
落监测样地获取的植物个体空间分布数据ꎬ可定 等ꎬ2009ꎻ Chen et al.ꎬ 2019ꎻ Wills et al.ꎬ 2021)ꎮ
量化揭示多尺度群落物种空间分布及种间关联格 空间隔离假说( spatial segregation hypothesis) 阐述
局ꎬ结合环境因子解析群落物种空间结构的影响 了物种空间分布和种间关联之间的关系ꎬ认为由
因素ꎬ验证相关的群落生态学假说ꎬ为理解不同生 生境异质性或扩散限制作用形成的种内聚集分布

