Page 54 - 《广西植物》2026年第6期
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6 期 余玲等: 广西森林 NDVI 的时空变化特征及其对干旱响应的敏感性分析 9 6 9
( 1. School of Computer Science and Engineeringꎬ Guilin University of Aerospace Technologyꎬ Guilin 541004ꎬ Guangxiꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. Guangxi Key
Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrainꎬ Guangxi Institute of Botanyꎬ Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
and Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Guilin 541006ꎬ Guangxiꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. Guangxi Guilin Urban Ecosystem Observation and Research
Stationꎬ Guilin 541006ꎬ Guangxiꎬ Chinaꎻ 4. School of Airline Services and Tourism Managementꎬ Guilin University of
Aerospace Technologyꎬ Guilin 541004ꎬ Guangxiꎬ Chinaꎻ 5. School of Artificial Intelligenceꎬ Guilin University
of Aerospace Technologyꎬ Guilin 541004ꎬ Guangxiꎬ China )
Abstract: To investigate the sensitivity of forests in Guangxi to drought and to reveal the characteristics of stabilityꎬ
resistanceꎬ and resilience of forest ecosystems under drought stressꎬ standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index
(SPEI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were used to analyze stabilityꎬ resistanceꎬ and resilience of
forests in Guangxi during 2010 - 2022. The results were as follows: (1) During the study periodꎬ drought conditions in
Guangxi forest region exhibited an overall pattern characterized by an initial decreasing trend followed by an increasing
trendꎬ indicating a shift from relatively wetter conditions to increased drought stress in recent years. (2) Nearly 13
 ̄1
yearsꎬ forest NDVI in Guangxi increased at a rate of 0.06 a ꎬ with greater increases observed in karst region than in non ̄
karst regionꎬ and in planted forest than in natural forestꎬ suggesting that vegetation growth dynamics differed significantly
across regions and forest types. (3) The spatial pattern of NDVI stability was similar to that of resistance under drought
conditionsꎬ whereas resilience exhibited an opposite spatial patternꎬ reflecting a trade ̄off between the ability of forests to
resist drought disturbances and their capacity to recover after disturbance. (4) The stability and resistance of forest
NDVI in non ̄karst region were higher than those in karst regionꎬ while the resilience was greater in karst regionꎻ in
additionꎬ natural forest exhibited higher stabilityꎬ resistanceꎬ and resilience than planted forest. These findings indicate
that the response of forest NDVI to drought in Guangxi exhibits pronounced regional and forest ̄type differencesꎬ and
provide a scientific basis for adaptive forest management and ecosystem restoration under drought conditions.
Key words: forestꎬ normalized difference vegetation index ( NDVI )ꎬ droughtꎬ vegetation sensitivityꎬ
resistanceꎬ resilience
干旱是全球最常见的自然灾害之一ꎬ具有持 薄、保水能力差、地表渗漏严重ꎬ生态环境较为脆
续时间长、影响范围广和破坏性强等特点ꎬ对自然 弱ꎬ对干旱胁迫尤为敏感( 黄甫昭等ꎬ2021ꎻ靖娟利
生态系统造成了严重影响ꎬ并制约人类社会的可 等ꎬ2022ꎻ闫妍等ꎬ2024)ꎮ 历史上多次极端干旱事
持续发展( 王飞等ꎬ2017)ꎮ 干旱通过降低土壤水 件对区 域 生 态 系 统 造 成 了 严 重 影 响ꎬ 如 2009—
分有效性ꎬ干扰植被光合作用和生理代谢过程ꎬ从 2010 年夏秋冬春连旱及 2011 年夏季北部特大干
而抑制植被生长ꎬ导致生态系统生产力下降和群 旱等( 杨宝回ꎬ2011ꎻ罗小莉等ꎬ2015)ꎮ 森林作为
落结构 改 变ꎬ 甚 至 引 发 大 范 围 植 被 衰 退 与 死 亡 广西生态安全屏障的重要组成部分ꎬ在保障国家
(Yuan et al.ꎬ 2019ꎻ周贵尧等ꎬ2020)ꎮ 当干旱强 生态安全和实现“ 双碳” 目标中发挥着关键作用ꎮ
度超过生态系统的抵抗能力时ꎬ将对植被造成严 然而ꎬ在气候变化背景下ꎬ广西干旱事件的发生频
重破坏ꎬ并进一步诱发生态退化( van der Molen et 率和强度不断增加ꎬ进一步加剧了森林生态系统
al.ꎬ2011)ꎮ 尽管干旱结束后生态系统具有一定的 面临的风险ꎮ 因此ꎬ评估广西森林对干旱的响应
自我恢复能力ꎬ但其恢复过程通常较为缓慢且具 特征ꎬ已成为区域生态安全与可持续发展亟待解
有明显的滞后性ꎬ部分受损生态功能甚至难以完 决的重大问题ꎮ
全恢复(Liu et al.ꎬ2019)ꎮ 因此ꎬ开展植被对干旱 森林对干旱胁迫的响应通常可通过稳定性、
响应敏感性的研究ꎬ对于揭示生态系统稳定性及 抵抗力和恢复力等指标表征ꎬ这些指标从不同维
其恢复机制具有重要意义ꎮ 度反映森林生态系统对干旱的敏感性ꎮ 其中ꎬ稳
广西位于亚热带季风湿润区ꎬ气候温暖湿润ꎬ 定性主要表示森林生态系统在干旱胁迫下随时间
但降水时空分布不均ꎬ季节性干旱频发( 杨星星 波动的幅度ꎬ抵抗力反映其在干旱期间维持原有
等ꎬ2020)ꎮ 同时ꎬ区域内喀斯特地貌广布ꎬ土层浅 水平的能力ꎬ恢复力则表示干旱结束后系统恢复

