Page 85 - 《广西植物》2023年第3期
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3 期             叶天木等: 黔中天龙山典型喀斯特次生林地上生物量与环境因子的关系                                            4 8 5

                ( 1. College of Geography and Environmental Sciencesꎬ Guizhou Normal University (Karst Research Institute)ꎬ Guiyang 550001ꎬ Chinaꎻ
                   2. Puding Karst Ecological Observation and Research Stationꎬ Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Anshun 562100ꎬ Guizhouꎬ China )

                 Abstract: In order to explore the relationship between the aboveground biomass of karst secondary forest land and
                 environmental factorsꎬ we took the typical secondary forest sample of karst Tianlong Mountain in Puding Countyꎬ Central
                 Guizhou as the research objectꎬ adopted the aboveground biomass model of single species and different diameter groups
                 to calculate the biomass of dominant species and communityꎬ used the spatial distribution map to describe the spatial
                 distribution of environmental factors and aboveground biomass of communityꎬ and used the correlation test (Pearson)
                 General linear model (GLM) and redundancy analysis (RDA) to discuss the relationship between communityꎬ life
                 formꎬ species aboveground biomass and environmental factors. The results were as follows: (1) The total aboveground
                                                            ̄2
                 biomass of karst secondary forest group was 106.94 thm ꎬ and the aboveground biomass of dominant species accounted
                 for 91.77% of the whole sample plot. The aboveground biomass of evergreen plants was higher than that of deciduous
                 plants. The aboveground biomass of Lithocarpus confinis and Platycarya strobilacea accounted for the highest proportion in
                 the communityꎬ 34.23% and 34.37% respectively. (2) The spatial distribution of rock exposure rate showed obvious
                 upper and lower gradient differenceꎬ the upper slope was significantly greater than the lower slopeꎬ and the spatial
                 distribution of slope and soil thickness was discontinuous and had no obvious law. (3) There was a significant positive
                 correlation between aboveground biomass and soil thicknessꎬ and their spatial distribution tended to be consistent. Soil
                 thickness was the main influencing factor of aboveground biomass of the communityꎬ and the influence of rock exposure
                 rate and slope on aboveground biomass of the community was low. (4) For different life formsꎬ the influence of rock
                 exposure rate on aboveground biomass was the highestꎬ and the influence of soil thickness and slope on evergreen plants
                 was greater than that of defoliation. ( 5) For different speciesꎬ the correlation between environmental factors and
                 aboveground biomass was complex. Most species were positively correlated with soil thickness. Platycarya strobilacea and
                 Zanthoxylum dimorphophyllum var. spinifolium were positively correlated with rock exposure rate and slope
                 respectively. In conclusionꎬ the vegetation restoration of secondary forest in the study area is slowꎬ and soil thickness is
                 the main influencing factor of aboveground biomass of the community. Howeverꎬ for different life forms and speciesꎬ the
                 response of aboveground biomass to the environment will be affected by biological factors such as life form differencesꎬ
                 species habitat preferences and interspecific relationships.
                 Key words: karstꎬ aboveground biomassꎬ soil thicknessꎬ rock exposure rateꎬ slope



                生物量是指生物个体或者群落在一段时间积                            地形、 土 壤 养 分 等 非 生 物 因 素 存 在 显 著 关 系
            累的有机质总量(付威波等ꎬ2014)ꎬ是生态系统获                          (Krankina et al.ꎬ 2005ꎻ杨远盛等ꎬ2015ꎻ邓瑞明ꎬ
            取能量的重要指标ꎬ植物生物量作为生态系统中                              2018)ꎬ还受到林分类型、物种特性、种间竞争等生
            生产力的基础ꎬ在植被恢复的评价过程中有着重                              物因素的影响(Chen et al.ꎬ 2004ꎻ杨远盛等ꎬ2015ꎻ

            要意 义 ( Nagaraja et al.ꎬ 2005ꎻ 郭 娜 和 刘 剑 秋ꎬ         李尚益等ꎬ2018)ꎮ 但是ꎬ由于森林类型以及区域
            2011)ꎮ 森林是陆地生态系统的主体ꎬ森林生物量                          差异ꎬ影响植物生物量的因素并不统一( Ashton &
            不仅能揭示森林生态系统能量平衡、养分循环和                              Hallꎬ 1992)ꎬ因此ꎬ通过分析不同区域森林群落生

            生产 力 等 功 能 过 程 的 变 化 规 律 ( Poorter et al.ꎬ         物量与环境关系ꎬ有利于补充生态功能研究的完
            2012)ꎬ还可以反映出生态系统功能的强弱( 赵士                          整性ꎮ 同时ꎬ关于两者关系多为大尺度讨论( 王晓
            洞和汪业勖ꎬ2001)ꎮ 目前ꎬ关于森林生物量已有                          莉等ꎬ2014ꎻ 沙 威 等ꎬ2016ꎻ 刘 莉 等ꎬ2017)ꎬ Burke
            大量研究ꎬ基于收获法、分层切割法、皆伐法及遥                             (2001)研究表明ꎬ小尺度上的植物群落发育更多
            感等方法对不同区域进行估算( 范文义等ꎬ2011ꎻ                          由非地带性因素主导ꎬ因此ꎬ从小尺度上探讨植物
            李尚益等ꎬ2018ꎻ刘立斌等ꎬ2020)ꎬ 对个体、种群、                      生物量与环境关系对理解植被功能维持机制具有
            群落、区域到生物圈等多个尺度进行分析( 巨文珍                            重要意义ꎮ
            和农胜奇ꎬ2011)ꎮ 此外ꎬ植物生物量不仅与气候、                             位于贵州中部的普定县(简称黔中) 是喀斯特
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