Page 129 - 《广西植物》2026年第7期
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7 期               刘城等: ZnO ̄NPs+SiO  ̄NPs 提高洋桔梗幼苗抗温度胁迫能力的研究                                 1 2 2 5
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                 Abstract: Temperature is a crucial environmental factor affecting the growth and development of flowers. Zinc oxide
                 nanoparticles (ZnO ̄NPs) and silicon dioxide nanoparticles ( SiO  ̄NPs) have demonstrated significant potential in
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                 enhancing plant stress resistance. To elucidate the regulatory mechanism of ZnO ̄NPs+SiO  ̄NPs pretreatment on Eustoma
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                 grandiflorum under temperature stressꎬ this study employed E. grandiflorum seedlings as materials and adopted an
                 orthogonal experimental design [L (3 )]. Initiallyꎬ the effects of ZnO ̄NPs+SiO  ̄NPs on the growth of E. grandiflorum
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                 seedlings under different concentrationsꎬ proportionsꎬ and spraying times were investigated to screen the optimal spraying
                 scheme. Subsequentlyꎬ the seedlings were pretreated and subjected to high temperature (42 ℃ for 24 h) and low
                 temperature (4 ℃ for 24 h) stress treatmentsꎬ respectively. Physiological indicators and related stress ̄resistant gene
                 expression were measured. The results were as follows: (1) When the total concentration of nanoparticles was 0.03%
                 (m/ V)ꎬ the proportion of ZnO ̄NPs to SiO  ̄NPs was 1 ∶ 2 (V/ V)ꎬ and the seedlings were sprayed twice on the leavesꎬ
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                 the seedling growth was optimal. (2) The ZnO ̄NPs + SiO  ̄NPs pretreatment increased the chlorophyll content of the
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                 leaves under normal growth conditionꎬ reduced relative electrical conductivityꎬ malondialdehyde (MDA) contentꎬ and
                 hydrogen peroxide (H O ) content under 42 ℃ and 4 ℃ stressesꎻ enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase
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                 (SOD)ꎬ catalase (CAT)ꎬ and peroxidase (POD). (3) ZnO ̄NPs+SiO  ̄NPs pretreatment upregulated the expression
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                 levels of Mn ̄SODꎬ Cu/ Zn ̄SODꎬ Fe ̄SODꎬ CATꎬ and POD genes. (4) Under 42 ℃ stressꎬ ZnO ̄NPs + SiO  ̄NPs
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                 pretreatment promoted the expression of heat shock protein 90 gene (HSP90)ꎻ under 4 ℃ stressꎬ it upregulated the
                 expression of cold ̄regulated gene ( COR413). In conclusionꎬ suitable ZnO ̄NPs + SiO  ̄NPs pretreatment effectively
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                 improves the growth of E. grandiflorum seedlings and enhances their resistance to temperature stress by promoting
                 increases in antioxidant enzyme activities and the expressions of related stress ̄resistant genes. This study reveals the
                 molecular mechanism by which ZnO ̄NPs + SiO  ̄NPs pretreatment enhances the resistance of E. grandiflorum to
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                 temperature stressꎬ and provides a theoretical basis for the application of nanomaterials in flower stress ̄resistant
                 research.
                 Key words: zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO ̄NPs)ꎬ silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO  ̄NPs)ꎬ Eustoma grandiflorum
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                 seedlingsꎬ antioxidant enzyme activityꎬ gene expression




                纳米粒子(nanoparticlesꎬ NPs)是指粒径在 1 ~              2022)ꎬ在百合中调控抗氧化活性ꎬ延长切花采后
            100 nm 之间的材料ꎬ凭借其独特的化学、物理、生                         寿命(Shaheen et al.ꎬ 2015)ꎬ在番茄中喷施可增强
            物医学和光学性质ꎬ在多个科学领域展现出应用                              干旱条件下的抗氧化酶活性及植物激素相关代谢
            潜力(Ahmed et al.ꎬ 2021)ꎮ 在农业中ꎬ纳米技术                  物积累ꎬ从而提高耐旱性( Wang et al.ꎬ 2025)ꎮ Si
            已应用于纳米肥料、纳米农药及纳米除草剂等新                              在植物组织中的积累可增强酶系统功能ꎬ促进营
            型农业投入品的开发( Aqeel et al.ꎬ 2022)ꎮ 纳米                 养物质、游离脯氨酸和氨基酸的积累ꎬ改善水分吸
            粒子可通过多种途径影响植物代谢过程ꎬ包括提                              收ꎬ最终提高抗逆能力( Wang et al.ꎬ 2015ꎻRanjan
            供必需微量元素、调控基因表达ꎬ从而改变植物的                             et al.ꎬ 2016)ꎮ 这些研究表明ꎬSiO  ̄NPs 不仅作为
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            形态和发育(Aqeel et al.ꎬ 2022)ꎮ                         物理屏障或营养源ꎬ更可能作为信号激发子ꎬ参与
                 硅( Si) 被 植 物 学 界 认 定 为 “ 准 必 需” 元 素           植物逆境应答的核心调控网络ꎮ
            (Siddiqui et al.ꎬ 2020)ꎮ 在植物体内ꎬ硅主要以非                   锌(Zn) 是植物生长所必需的微量元素ꎬ参与
            晶态 SiO nH O 的形式沉积于细胞壁ꎬ增强其机                       多种生理反应( Aqeel et al.ꎬ 2022)ꎮ 氧化锌纳米
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            械强度与刚性ꎬ并作为反应底物参与多酚和果胶                              粒子 ( ZnO ̄NPs) 目 前 已 广 泛 应 用 于 农 业 领 域
            的合成ꎬ这些物质在植物防御和发育中发挥关键                              (Ahemd et al.ꎬ 2024)ꎮ ZnO ̄NPs 具有良好的生物
            作用(El ̄Saadony et al.ꎬ 2022)ꎮ 二氧化硅纳米粒               相容性ꎬ能有效促进生物活性物质的合成并激活
            子(SiO  ̄NPs)在缓解植物非生物胁迫方面具有显                         酶防 御 系 统 ( Sánchez ̄Pérez et al.ꎬ 2023)ꎮ ZnO ̄
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            著效果ꎮ 已有研究发现ꎬSiO  ̄NPs 处理可减轻砷                        NPs 可通过调节光合作用与活性氧代谢以促进植
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            胁迫 下 水 稻 细 胞 的 氧 化 应 激 ( El ̄Saadony et al.ꎬ        物生长(Ahemd et al.ꎬ 2024)ꎮ 例如ꎬ在小麦中减
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