Page 14 - 《广西植物》2026年第7期
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1 1 1 0                                广  西  植  物                                         46 卷
                 understory mixed planting models with Pinus massonianaꎬ this study involved conducting pure plantations and understory
                 mixed planting models with using one ̄year ̄old container ̄grown seedlings of the three broad ̄leaved species. After three years
                 of growthꎬ differences in trunk growthꎬ crown developmentꎬ and stem form among the treatments were investigated and
                 analyzed. Additionallyꎬ the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was employed to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the
                 overall growth performance of each species. The results were as follows:(1) In the pure plantationꎬ Albizia odoratissima and
                 Liquidambar formosana exhibited greater tree height and diameter at breast height (DBH)ꎬ with better trunk growth and
                 lower ratio of multtiple tree trunks. By contrastꎬ Schima superba showed larger tree height and DBH as well as superior trunk
                 growth under the understory mixed planting model. (2) In both pure plantations and understory mixed planting model with
                 Pinus massonianaꎬ Albizia odoratissima had midium crown diamrterꎬ higher height of clear bole and better natural pruning
                 capacityꎬ together with a midium crown ̄diameter ratio contributing to favorable crown growth. Liquidambar formosana in
                 pure plantation possessed low branching rate and height ̄diameter ratioꎬ presenting good trunk form. Schima superba in Pinus
                 massoniana understory mixed planting model had low height ̄diameter ratio and lodging rateꎬ and its trunk form was
                 desirable. (3) The comprehensive evaluation results of growth performance was Albizia odoratissima (pure plantations) >
                 Liquidambar formosana (pure plantations) > Schima superba (understory) > Albizia odoratissima (understory) > Schima
                 superba (pure plantations) > Liquidambar formosana (understory). Consequentlyꎬ Albizia odoratissima is identified as the
                 top ̄performing species in pure plantationsꎬ while Schima superba is the most suitable for understory mixed planting model
                 with Pinus massoniana. The results of this study provide a scientific reference for optimizing the cultivation techniques of
                 Albizia odoratissimaꎬ Liquidambar formosanaꎬ and Schima superba in the Guangxi region.
                 Key words: Albizia odoratissimaꎬ Liquidambar formosanaꎬ Schima superbaꎬ Pinus massonianaꎬ mixed planting modelꎬ
                 growth difference and evaluation


                广西是我国最大的桉树种植区ꎬ截至 2023 年                        好的观赏价值ꎬ并且还可在矿山修复、针叶林改造
            底ꎬ我国桉树种植面积近 608.88 万 hm ꎬ其中广西                      等工程中发挥重要的生态功能(孙荣喜ꎬ2017ꎻ黄敏
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            占比 50.7%(Liꎬ2025)ꎮ 但是ꎬ大面积的桉树种植                     等ꎬ 2022ꎻ 原 勤 勤 等ꎬ 2023 )ꎮ 荷 木 为 山 茶 科
            存在土壤肥力下降、生物多样性降低、外来植物入                             (Theaceae) 常绿乔木ꎬ又名木荷、荷树ꎬ其枝叶繁
            侵加剧和水资源紧缺等问题ꎬ因此控制桉树增长                              茂ꎬ叶片厚革质且含水量大ꎬ含油脂少ꎬ燃点高ꎬ萌
            数量、减缓桉树的造林速度是当前我国面临的基                              芽力强ꎬ是华南地区典型的乡土防火树种ꎻ荷木树
            本形势ꎮ 因此ꎬ寻找桉树替代树种十分迫切( 左科                           干端直ꎬ木材白色ꎬ细致易加工ꎬ是良好的家具和工
            举ꎬ2023)ꎬ而黑格( Albizia odoratissima)、枫香树(            艺加工用材ꎬ也是建筑、器材、国防等特种用材树ꎻ
            Liquidambar formosana)和荷木( Schima superba) 等       荷木也是我国南亚热带生态恢复的良好树种(赵秀
            广西乡土阔叶树种作为替代树种具有较大优势ꎮ                              华等ꎬ2015ꎻ张燕等ꎬ2023ꎻ丁德永等ꎬ2024)ꎮ
                 黑格为豆科(Leguminosae)落叶乔木ꎬ又名香合                       纯林对林地土壤养分的利用吸收单一ꎬ病虫
            欢、土格木等ꎬ为速生树种ꎬ其心材颜色较深ꎬ呈栗                            害易暴发成灾ꎬ而混交林的层次多冠层厚ꎬ可以充
            褐色或巧克力色ꎬ木材纹理较直、材质坚硬、耐腐、                            分利用空间和养分ꎬ林分的抗性和稳定性较强( 童
            抗虫蛀ꎬ是优良的家具、建筑和造船等用材ꎮ 此外ꎬ                           群益 等ꎬ2004ꎻ 李 方 兴 等ꎬ2016)ꎮ 马 尾 松 ( Pinus
            黑格树皮含单宁ꎬ为优质栲胶原料ꎬ根系具根瘤ꎬ可                            massoniana)是中国南方地区栽植面积最大和最具
            固氮ꎬ对改良土壤有良好作用ꎬ是多用途、高价值用                            代表性的森林类型之一ꎬ然而其纯林经营模式存

            材树 种 ( 罗 群 凤 等ꎬ 2020ꎻ 姜 英 等ꎬ 2020ꎻ 李 佳 男ꎬ          在立地衰退、生产力下降、有害生物猖獗、生态系
            2024ꎻ莫 明 锋 等ꎬ 2024 )ꎮ 枫 香 树 为 金 缕 梅 科              统脆弱和易发生森林火灾等问题ꎬ将马尾松纯林

            (Hamamelidaceae)落叶乔木ꎬ又名黑饭木、香枫等ꎬ                    营造为针阔混交林是解决其存在问题的首要有效
            是我国重要的速生优质乡土树种ꎻ其木材轻软、纹                             途径(舒骏等ꎬ2013ꎻ洪宜聪ꎬ2017)ꎮ 有研究表明ꎬ
            理通直、易加工ꎬ是建筑、家具和胶合板等的理想材                            与纯林相比ꎬ马尾松混交林的土壤碳储量、林分凋
            料ꎻ枫香树全株均可入药ꎬ果实可作染料ꎬ树脂是塑                            落物数量、现存量、土壤有机质质量分数和水源涵
            料及人造革的原料ꎬ树叶秋冬季变红或黄ꎬ具有良                             养功 能 均 得 到 提 升 ( 殷 沙 等ꎬ 2015ꎻ 卢 立 华 等ꎬ
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