Page 135 - 《广西植物》2023年第12期
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12 期       秦中维等: 氧化铈纳米颗粒种子引发对盐胁迫下辣椒种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响                                           2 3 0 1

                 Abstract: Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO NP ) have been shown to improve the salt tolerance of plant due to the
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                 potential to eliminate free radicals and the antioxidation properties. Howeverꎬ the effects and mechanisms of seed priming
                 with CeO NP on pepper plant are unclear. To reveal impacts of CeO NP seed priming on the germination and seedling
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                 growth of peeper plants under salt stressꎬ using the Maoshu 360 variety of pepper(Capsicum annuum)as materialꎬ a total of
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                 seven concentrations of treatments (0ꎬ 0.05ꎬ 0.1ꎬ 0.2ꎬ 0.3ꎬ 0.4ꎬ 0.5 mmolL ) and a control of un ̄treatment were carried
                 out to investigate effects of CeO NP seed priming on seed germination rateꎬ seedling biomassꎬ and physiological and
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                 biochemical indexes under salt stress. The results were as follows: (1) In the seed priming with 0.5 mmolL CeO NP ꎬ
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                 soluble proteinꎬ content of prolineꎬ activity of catalase (CAT)ꎬ content of ascorbic acid (AsA) and ratio of AsA/ DHA
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                 significantly increased and levels of the superoxide anion (O ) significantly decreased. There was no loss of viability for
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                 the seeds primed with cerium oxide nanoparticles. Indeed their germination rate and germination potential were enhanced
                 under salt stressꎬ and their germination indexꎬ and vigor index were improved under salt stress. (2) Under salt stressꎬ
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                 seedlings from seeds primed with 0.4 mmolL CeO NP showed the highest fresh weightꎬ dry weightꎬ and root lengthꎻ
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                 additionallyꎬ soluble protein contentꎬ AsA content and AsA/ DHA ratio were also improved. In conclusionꎬ seed priming
                 with CeO NP can not only enhance seed germination under salt stress by decreasing seed water potentialꎬ accelerating
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                 storage substances metabolism and improving antioxidant capacity but also promote seedling growth through boosting protein
                 synthesis and ascorbic acid ̄glutathione cycle (AsA ̄GSH).
                 Key words: cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO NP )ꎬ pepperꎬ seed primingꎬ salt stressꎬ seedling growth
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                土壤盐渍化是阻碍农作物生产力提高的主要                            子等来抵 御 生 长 期 发 生 的 盐 胁 迫 ( Shang et al.ꎬ
            非生物胁迫因素之一ꎬ可影响种子的顺利萌发和                              2019ꎻ Goyal et al.ꎬ 2021)ꎮ 多种纳米材料如氧化
            幼苗的健康生长( Yan et al.ꎬ 2022)ꎮ 盐胁迫易使                  锌纳米颗粒(zinic oxide nanoparticlesꎬ ZnONP )、硒
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            细胞中有毒离子( Na 和 Cl ) 过量积累ꎬ抑制水分                       纳米颗粒( selenium nanoparticlesꎬ SeNPs)、氧化铈
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            吸收(Yang et al.ꎬ 2020)ꎬ同时会导致大量活性氧                   纳米颗粒(cerium oxide nanoparticlesꎬ CeO NP ) 等
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            ( reactive oxygen speciesꎬ ROS)的产生ꎬ如过氧化氢           被用于种子引发( Rawashdeh et al.ꎬ 2020ꎻPrakash
            ( hydrogen peroxideꎬ H O ) 和 超 氧 阴 离 子             et al.ꎬ 2021ꎻ Sardar et al.ꎬ 2022)ꎮ 其中ꎬCeO NP
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            (superoxide anionꎬ O )(Yin et al.ꎬ2021)ꎬ使细胞        是一种新兴纳米材料ꎬ因具有超强自由基清除能
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            膜遭受氧化毒害ꎬ导致氧化应激反应ꎬ不仅影响辣                             力被广泛运用于医疗、化妆品行业ꎬ近年来也被运
            椒( Capsicum annuum)、驼蹄瓣 属 ( Zygophyllum)、          用于纳米农业中(Newkirk et al.ꎬ 2018)ꎮ CeO NP        S
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            蔓 菁 ( Brassica rapa ) 等 植 物 种 子 的 萌 发              通过 Ce 和 Ce 悬空键模拟抗氧化酶活性减少
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            (Gammoudi et al.ꎬ2022ꎻ Hussain et al.ꎬ 2022ꎻ Zhou  ROS 的过度积累ꎬ从而缓解植物的氧化应激反应ꎬ
            et al.ꎬ 2022 )ꎬ 还 影 响 辣 椒、 牛 角 瓜 ( Calotropis      提高植物对逆境的耐受性ꎮ Khan 等(2021) 研究
            gigantea)、小麦( Triticum aestivum) 等幼苗的正常            发现ꎬCeO NP 通过种子引发处理后可提高芸薹
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            生长( Ke et al.ꎬ 2018ꎻ 肖 中 林ꎬ2022ꎻ Nouman &          (Brassica rapa)种子的 α ̄淀粉酶活性和清除过量
            Azizꎬ 2022)ꎬ甚至降低稻( Oryza sativa) 等作物的              ROSꎬ并提高其在盐胁迫下的发芽率ꎬ同时可在苗
            产量(沙汉景等ꎬ2017)ꎮ 因此ꎬ探究如何提高种子                         期通过提高盐胁迫下芸薹幼苗的 SOD、POD 活性
            在盐胁迫下的发芽率和增强植株的盐胁迫耐受能                              和可溶性糖含量ꎬ进而增强芸薹的耐盐性ꎬ最终促
            力ꎬ对解决我国土壤盐渍化问题、保障作物的安全                             进芸薹生物量的提高ꎮ 目前ꎬ有关 CeO NP 通过
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            及社会稳 定 发 展 具 有 重 大 意 义 ( Raffaella et al.ꎬ         种子引发处理对辣椒盐胁迫下生长发育影响方面
            2022)ꎮ                                             的研究还罕有报道ꎮ 辣椒ꎬ为茄科辣椒属植物ꎬ由
                 种子引发是一种新兴的应对盐渍化胁迫的种                           于其具有促进食欲、改善消化、抗菌杀虫等作用ꎬ
            子处理技术ꎬ即在种子发芽前用天然和 / 或合成引                           深得广大群众的喜爱(邹学校等ꎬ2022)ꎮ 目前ꎬ我
            发剂处理ꎬ诱导种子进入特定的生理状态ꎬ可通过                             国已成为鲜辣椒产量最高的国家ꎬ种植面积为 78
            记忆效应使植物通过改变关键信号分子、转录因                              万公顷ꎬ产量为1 900万吨( 王立浩等ꎬ2019)ꎻ其果
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