Page 207 - 《广西植物》2025年第10期
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10 期                          郁培义等: 菌根化马尾松转录组差异分析                                         1 9 3 7

                 Abstract: Ectomycorrhizal fungi promote the growth and physiological activity of host plants under the stress conditionsꎬ
                 howeverꎬ this process often relies on complex molecular regulatory patterns of symbiotic systems. To better understand the
                 molecular mechanism of the growth adaptation of Pinus massoniana to ectomycorrhizal fungi (Suillus luteus)ꎬ this study
                 used P. massoniana seedlings uninoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi (NE) as the control group (CK)ꎬ the growthꎬ
                 chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme content of mycorrhizal P. massoniana seedlingsꎬ and compared and analyzed
                 the differentially expressed genes ( DEGs) between inoculated ( IN) and uninoculated ( CK) treatments using
                 transcriptome technologyꎬ followed by functional annotation and metabolic pathway analysis of the DEGs. The results
                 were as follows: (1) Compared with NEꎬ the aboveground biomass and root length of mycorrhizal P. massoniana
                 inoculation were significantly increased (P<0.05)ꎬ and the physiological indicators such as chlorophyll aꎬ chlorophyll
                 bꎬ catalase (CAT) and peroxidase ( POD) were also significantly enhanced ( P < 0. 05). (2) A total of 104 467
                 Unigenes were obtained through Trinity software assemblyꎬ with the largest number of Unigenes in the Nr [66 641
                 (63.79%)] and GO [57 483 (55.03%)] databasesꎬ while the number of Unigenes in the KOG database was the
                 lowestꎬ accounting for only [12 233 (11.71%)] of the total. (3) A total of 2 520 genes showed significant differential
                 expressionꎬ compared with NE treatmentꎬ 1 611 genes were up ̄regulated and 909 genes were down ̄regulated in the IN
                 group. (4) GO annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis results showed that most differentially expressed
                 genes were concentrated in energy metabolismꎬ secondary metabolite biosynthesisꎬ and glutathione metabolic pathwaysꎬ
                 and were involved in mycorrhiza formationꎬ growth and development of the host plantꎬ synthesis of cellular photosynthetic
                 pigmentsꎬ etc.ꎬ playing a positive role in maintaining high levels of antioxidants. These results reveal the interaction
                 mechanism between ectomycorrhizal fungi inoculation and P. massonianaꎬ investigate the effects of Suillus luteus on
                 related metabolic pathways and key enzyme genes during the mycorrhiza formation process of P. massonianaꎬ and lay a
                 foundation for future screening of resistance genes involved in mycorrhizal symbiosis in P. massoniana.
                 Key words:  Pinus  massonianaꎬ  ectomycorrhizal  fungiꎬ  transcriptomesꎬ  differentially  expressed  genesꎬ
                 metabolic pathway





                马尾松( Pinus massoniana) 是松科松属乔木ꎬ                物的生存、生长以及生态系统的平衡和稳定都具
            根系极发达ꎬ容易被外生菌根菌侵染ꎬ形成共生现                             有重要意义ꎮ Trappe(1962) 研究报道ꎬ自然界有
            象ꎮ 马尾松具有生长迅速、耐干旱贫瘠、环境适应                            95%以上的微生物与宿主植物共生ꎮ 甚至有些植
            能力强、造林成本低和成林容易等优良特性ꎬ在我                             物的生长必须与特定的真菌共生ꎬ否则会生长不

            国针叶类树种中ꎬ马尾松在我国的分布范围最广、                             良甚至死亡( Trivedi et al.ꎬ 2020)ꎬ如兰科植物的
            成林综合利用率最高的珍贵乡土树种、先锋树种                              兰菌根 ( Xu et al.ꎬ 2023)ꎬ松科许多种类如火炬

            以及主要的建群树种 ( 雷德芳和王志杰ꎬ2024)ꎮ                         松、马尾松 也 存 在 特 定 的 外 生 菌 根 ( 尹 大 川 等ꎬ
            有研究 表 明ꎬ 马 尾 松 成 材 纤 维 素 含 量 基 本 高 于               2017ꎻ 郁培义ꎬ2020) ꎮ 外生菌根菌主要以菌丝扩
            62%ꎬ是良好的造纸 及 纤 维 工 业 的 主 要 材 料ꎻ另                   展的方式增加植物根系水分和土壤养分的吸收面
            外ꎬ松香和松油是珍贵的萜烯类香料和树脂的合                              积ꎬ同时分泌部分有机酸类以及酶类等代谢物质ꎬ

            成原料ꎬ主要用于轻重工业生产( 翟帅帅ꎬ2015)ꎮ                         促进植物利用土壤中难溶性矿质元素ꎬ降低活性
            基于此ꎬ马尾松的经济价值、生态效益及美学价                              氧对植物的损伤ꎬ增强植物生理代谢或抵抗胁迫

            值ꎬ一直为人们所公认(方晰等ꎬ2004)ꎮ                              环境的免疫能力(翟帅帅ꎬ2015ꎻYu et al.ꎬ 2020)ꎻ
                 外生菌根菌( ectomycorrhizal fungiꎬ EMF) 作为         而作为回报ꎬEMF 可以从它的宿主植物获得自身
            菌根(ectomycorrhizaꎬ ECM)的重要组成部分ꎬ是土                  所需的光合产物ꎬ主要是碳水化合物ꎬ从而形成共
            壤中的真菌菌丝与特定陆生植物根系形成的一种                              生关系 ( 谭灿灿等ꎬ2023) ꎮ 这种相互依存的效
            互惠共生体( 宁晨等ꎬ2024ꎻ姜金池等ꎬ2024)ꎮ 自                      应ꎬ在一定程度上通过改变共生系统的菌根解剖
            然环境下ꎬ绝大多数植物普遍与某些特定的微生                              结构、植物生理生化途径以及遗传性状等来影响
            物建立了相互依赖的共生关系ꎬ这种关系对于植                              植物的生长ꎮ
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