Page 69 - 《广西植物》2025年第5期
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5 期                      顾亚男等: 13 种溲疏属植物的花粉形态与分类研究                                          8 7 3

                 and colpus of six speciesꎬ one variety and six cultivars in Deutzia (following abbreviated as 13 Deutzia plants) were
                 observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM)ꎬ and principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were
                 conducted on the quantitive characteristric of pollen. The results were as follows: (1) The pollen of 13 Deutzia plants
                 was highly conserved. The observed pollen of 13 Deutzia plants were prolate or perprolateꎬ with medium ̄sized and small
                 pollen accounting for 23.08% and 76.92%ꎬ respectively. The polar view of the pollen was tricoplate with a circular ambꎬ
                 and equatorial view was oblong or oval. The pollen exine ornamentation of 13 Deutzia plants was all rough reticulate
                 type. The pollen size such as polar and equatorial axis lengthꎬ colpus length and lumina characteristics varied
                 significantly among species and cultivars. D. parviflora was the only species with irregularly lumina and protuberant
                 mesh. A large number of wrinkles and irregular deformities were observed in six cultivarsꎬ which could be due to
                 incomplete development of pollen. (2) Three principal component factors were selected by PCAꎬ including pollen sizeꎬ
                 mesh ridge width and ditch width. When the Euclidean mean distance was 15ꎬ 13 Deutzia plants could be divided into
                 four types. Among six species and one varietyꎬ D. discolorꎬ D. ningpoensisꎬ D. parviflora and D. grandiflora were closely
                 relatedꎻ D. calycosa var. calycosa and D. calycosa var. xerophyta were closely related. In contrastꎬ D. crassidentata was
                 distantly related to the first six species. Among six cultivarsꎬ D. gracilis ‘Nikko’ꎬ Deutzia × magnifica ‘Toubillon’ and
                 Deutzia × hybrida ‘Strawberry Fields’ were closely related. Deutzia × rosea ‘Yuki Snowflake’ꎬ Deutzia × rosea ‘Yuki
                 Cherry Blossom’ and Deutzia × rosea ‘Campanulata’ were closely related. Cluster analysis results support the view that
                 sect. Mesodeutzia and sect. Deutzia should be separated. (3) Deutzia was presumed to be a relatively late ̄diverging group
                 in Hydrangeaceae. This is the first report of pollen characteristics of four speciesꎬ one variety and six cultivars except for
                 D. ningpoensis and D. discolorꎬ and the results of this study provide important evidence to the classification and
                 phylogenetic relationship analysis of Deutzia.
                 Key words: Deutziaꎬ pollen morphologyꎬ scanning electron microscopeꎬ cluster analysisꎬ phylogenetic relationship


                溲 疏 属 ( Deutzia) 由 瑞 士 植 物 学 家 C. P.           ( 邓 洪 平 等ꎬ 1997ꎻ Son et al.ꎬ 2013ꎻ 吕 俊 杰 等ꎬ
            Thunberg 于 1781 年 创 立ꎬ 为 绣 球 花 科                   2015)、染色体核型( Hembree et al.ꎬ 2020ꎻ文书生
            (Hydrangeaceae) 山梅花族( trib. Philadelpheae) 落       等ꎬ2025 )、 基 因 组 大 小 测 定 ( Hembree et al.ꎬ
            叶灌木ꎬ世界范围内共 60 余种ꎬ广泛分布于温带                           2020)和 DNA 序列分析( Hufford et al.ꎬ 2001ꎻKim
            东亚、墨西哥和中美洲地区( Styer & Sternꎬ 1979ꎻ                 et al.ꎬ 2015ꎻ范琴ꎬ2020ꎻ张梅等ꎬ2021) 等开展了
            黄淑美ꎬ1993)ꎮ 溲疏属起源于中新世早期或晚期                          初步的系统发育研究ꎮ 例如ꎬ黄淑美(1993) 依据
            的东北亚ꎬ中国是溲疏属植物分布中心之一ꎬ国内                             花瓣长度及花蕾排列方式将中国溲疏属植物分为
            共有 53 种 1 亚种 19 变种(Kim et al.ꎬ 2015ꎻ范琴ꎬ            中间 溲 疏 组 ( sect. Mesodeutzia) 和 溲 疏 组 ( sect.
            2020)ꎬ横断山脉至秦岭南部和华中地区为中国溲                           Deutzia)ꎬ中间溲疏组下无亚组ꎬ溲疏组下包括聚
            疏现代分布和分化中心ꎬ其中四川、云南、湖北、甘                            伞花 序 溲 疏 亚 组 ( subsect. Cymosae)、 溲 疏 亚 组
            肃等为主要分布省份( 何平ꎬ1990ꎻ傅书遐ꎬ2002ꎻ                       ( subsect. Deutzia )、 大 花 溲 疏 亚 组 ( subsect.
            中 国 科 学 院 昆 明 植 物 研 究 所ꎬ 2006ꎻ 王 了 德ꎬ              Grandiflorae ) 和 狭 萼 溲 疏 亚 组 ( subsect.
            2019)ꎮ 溲疏别名“ 夏樱花”ꎬ其花色素净ꎬ花开繁                        Stenosepalae)4 个亚组ꎻ杜洁等(1999)结合种子、花
            密ꎬ抗旱耐瘠薄ꎬ适应性强ꎬ是兼具观赏、食用、药                            部、叶等性状归纳出中间溲疏组和溲疏组下溲疏
            用与经济价值的园林绿化美化植物ꎬ具有广阔的                              亚组较原始ꎬ溲疏组下除溲疏亚组较进化的结论ꎬ
            市场应用前景和极高的种质资源利用价值( 中国                             成为当前溲疏属植物组间分类的重要依据ꎻ但是ꎬ

            科学院中国植物志编辑委员会ꎬ1995)ꎮ                               Kim 等(2015)和范琴(2020)基于叶绿体基因组序
                 目前ꎬ溲疏属植物分类和系统演化的研究基                           列及全基因组分析指出应将中间溲疏组和溲疏组

            础较为薄弱ꎮ 前人依据形态性状( Styer & Sternꎬ                    合并ꎮ 由于该属植物存在复杂的性状重叠ꎬ系统
            1979ꎻChung & Hyunchurꎬ 1988ꎻ黄淑美ꎬ1993ꎻ李             发育、组间分类的系统位置仍未完全明确ꎬ所以难
            晓珂等ꎬ1998ꎻ杜洁等ꎬ1999ꎻ田丽华等ꎬ1999ꎻ何平                     以区分高度变异的种间甚至种内植物ꎬ极大地限
            等ꎬ2000ꎻCarlquist & Schneiderꎬ 2004)、分子标记           制了溲疏属的开发应用ꎮ
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