Page 153 - 《广西植物》2025年第8期
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8 期 杨龙姣等: 二穗短柄草 BdFKF1 基因调控烟草开花的转录组学分析 1 5 1 9
( 1. Department of Grass Scienceꎬ College of Animal Scienceꎬ Guizhou Universityꎬ Guiyang 550025ꎬ Chinaꎻ
2. Grass Research Instituteꎬ Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciencesꎬ Guiyang 550006ꎬ China )
Abstract: FKF1 is known to be a blue light ̄responsive gene and an important factor in regulating plant flowering through
the photoperiod pathway. To explore the molecular mechanism of BdFKF1 gene in regulating flowering in tobacco plants
through the photoperiod pathwayꎬ wild ̄type tobacco (SR1)and BdFKF1 gene ̄transformed tobacco plants (BdFKF1 ̄OE)
were used as materials. Transcriptomic sequencing and RT ̄qPCR validation were conducted to observe and record the
flowering time in both materials. The results were as follows: (1) In SR1 vs FKF1 groupꎬ a total of 472 differentially
expressed genes were identifiedꎬ with 248 up ̄regulated genes and 224 down ̄regulated genes. Among themꎬ 14
differentially expressed genes were related to the photoperiodꎬ with 7 up ̄regulated genes and 7 down ̄regulated
genes. (2) GO enrichment analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in pathways
such as U5 snRNPꎬ oxidoreductase activityꎬ acting on paired donors and response to blue light. Among themꎬ the
differentially expressed genes related to the photoperiod were mainly enriched in pathways such as FK506 bindingꎬ
photoperiodism and floweringꎬ photoperiodismꎬ phosphatidylethanolamine bindingꎬ macrolide bindingꎬ and regulation of
flower development. ( 3) KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly
enriched in pathways such as ABC transportersꎬ Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulumꎬ cutinꎬ suberin and wax
biosynthesis and circadian rhythm ̄plant pathways. Among themꎬ the differentially expressed genes related to the
photoperiod were mainly enriched in pathways such as plant hormone signal transduction and circadian rhythm ̄
plant. (4) The observation and recording showed that the flowering time of BdFKF1 ̄OE plants was 3.9 d earlier than that
of SR1. (5) RT ̄qPCR results were consistent with the trend of changes in the transcriptomic dataꎬ indicating that the
transcriptomic data had high reliability. In conclusionꎬ under long ̄day conditionsꎬ the BdFKF1 gene can affect the
expression of photoperiod pathway ̄related genesꎬ and overexpression of the BdFKF1 gene promotes flowering in tobacco
plants.
Key words: FKF1 geneꎬ photoperiodismꎬ tobaccoꎬ Brachypodium distachyonꎬ transcriptomics
植物开花过程被称为从营养生长到生殖生长 以特异性降解 CO 的转录抑制因子 CDFs 蛋白以
的过渡期ꎬ该过渡期由植物精确调控ꎬ而调控植物 激活 CO 表达ꎬ最终促使植物提前开花(Lee et al.ꎬ
开花的常见途径主要有光周期、春化、自主、环境 2017)ꎻ傍晚ꎬFKF1 与 COP1 蛋白形成蛋白复合体
温度、年龄和赤霉素 6 种ꎬ其中光周期途径是调节 进而抑 制 COP1 蛋 白 的 活 性ꎬ 使 植 物 提 前 开 花
各种植物开花的重要环境因素之一( Song et al.ꎬ (Lee et al.ꎬ 2019 )ꎮ 水 稻 拥 有 2 种 由 Hd3a
2015ꎻ Wang et al.ꎬ 2020ꎻ Izawaꎬ 2021 )ꎮ FKF1 (HEADING DATE 3a) 和 RFT1(RICE FLOWERING
(FLAVIN ̄BINDING KELCH REPEAT F ̄BOX 1) 是 LOCUS T 1)编码的成花素ꎬ其 OsFKF1 基因与拟南
光周期调控基因ꎬ在植物开花机制中发挥着重要 芥 AtFKF1 基因具有 72%的氨基酸同一性且 2 种
的作用ꎬ该基因表达由生物钟控制ꎬ在转录和翻译 基因都表现出昼夜节律表达ꎬOsFKF1 参与的光周
水 平 上 正 向 调 节 CO ( CONSTANS ) 且 与 ZTL 期途径ꎬ类似于 AtFKF1ꎬ在长日照作用下ꎬ通过调
(ZEITLUPE)、LKP2 ( LOV KELCH PROTEIN 2) 同 节 Ehd2 (Ehd1 的激活剂) 和 Ghd7 ( Ehd1 的抑制
属于 F ̄box 基 因 家 族 ( Magori & Citovskyꎬ 2011ꎻ 剂)来激活 Ehd1 ̄Hd3a / RFT1 途径ꎬ从而促进开花
Lee et al.ꎬ 2017ꎻ Feke et al.ꎬ 2021ꎻ Shibuya et al.ꎬ (Han et al.ꎬ 2015ꎻ Giaume et al.ꎬ 2023ꎻ Zhang et
2021)ꎮ 而对于 FKF1 基因在光周期途径调控植物 al.ꎬ2023)ꎮ 在玉米中ꎬ ZmGI1 与 ZmFKF1 形成蛋
开花的分子机制已有大量研究:长日照的早上ꎬ 白质复合物ꎬ并通过调节光周期途径中的 CO 转录
FKF1 可以通过其 LOV 结构域与 CO 相互作用ꎬ稳 而发 挥 正 向 调 节 开 花 时 间 的 作 用 ( Wu et al.ꎬ
定 CO 蛋 白ꎬ 进 而 促 使 植 物 成 花 ( Song et al.ꎬ 2021)ꎮ
2012)ꎻ 下 午ꎬ 太 阳 光 激 活 FKF1 且 与 GI 二穗短柄草( Brachypodium distachyon) 作为新
(GIGANTEA) 相互作用形成 FKF1 ̄GI 蛋白复合物 型模式作物具有很多良好的生物学特点ꎬ如基因

