Page 87 - 《广西植物》2025年第8期
P. 87
8 期 刘艳娇等: 枯落物输入变化对云南松林土壤微生物群落结构及功能影响 1 4 5 3
1 2∗ 2 2
LIU Yanjiao ꎬ LI Jianqiang ꎬ LIU Fangyan ꎬ YANG Shuyuan ꎬ
2 2
YAN Huiying ꎬ ZHAO Siqian
( 1. School of Ecology and Environmentꎬ Southwest Forestry Universityꎬ Kunming 650224ꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. School
of Soil and Water Conservationꎬ Southwest Forestry Universityꎬ Kunming 650224ꎬ China )
Abstract: To explore the influence of litter input alterations on the soil microbial community structure and function in a
Pinus yunnanensis forest in central Yunnan Plateauꎬ and their main driving factorsꎬ the detritus input and removal
treatments (DIRT) was applied. Six different litter treatments were established: normal litter input (controlꎬ CK)ꎬ no
root (NR)ꎬ no litter (NL)ꎬ double litters (DL)ꎬ no input (NI)ꎬ and organic and A horizons removed (OA). The
effect of different litter inputs on the soil microbial community structure and function in P. yunnanensis forest was
investigated by utilizing Illumina HiSeq sequencing technology combined with PICRUSt2 and FUNGuild functional
prediction. Furthermoreꎬ redundancy analysis was employed to elucidate the driving factors behind these changes in the
soil microbial community structure and function. The results were as follows: ( 1) There were differences in the
composition of bacterial and fungal communities among different litter treatmentsꎬ with significant differences in the
fungal communities. The NL treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of Basidiomycota and Russulaꎬ
while the NLꎬ NI and OA considerably decreased the relative abundance of Mortierellomycota and Mortierella. (2) The
litter treatments significantly affected the α diversity of the bacteria and fungiꎬ as well as the fungal β diversity. The NR
and NI treatments increased the bacterial α diversity (Ace and Chao)ꎬ while the NRꎬ NL and NI treatments significantly
decreased the fungal α diversity ( Shannon)ꎬ and reducing litter input had a greater impact on the fungal β
diversity. (3) The litter treatments markedly altered the fungal functional groups. Moreoverꎬ the NL and NR treatments
enhanced the ectomycorrhizal abundanceꎬ while the NRꎬ NLꎬ NI and OA treatments decreased the abundance of
endophyte ̄litter saprotroph ̄soil saprotroph ̄undefined saprotrophꎻ the OA treatment significantly increased the ericoid
mycorrhizal abundance. (4) Correlation analysis results revealed that soil organic carbonꎬ total nitrogen and pH were
closely related to the structural and functional changes of the bacterial community in Pinus yunnanensis forestꎬ while total
phosphorusꎬ total potassium and pH were closely related to the structural and functional changes of the fungal
community. In conclusionꎬ compared to the litter addition treatmentsꎬ the reduction of litter input has a more significant
effect on the soil microbial community structureꎬ diversity and functionꎬ particularly on the fungi compared to the
bacteria. These effects are closely associated with the alterations of soil carbon and nitrogen inputs and chemical
properties. This study provides critical insights for predicting soil ecosystem functionality and stability under global
changes and human activities.
Key words: Pinus yunnanensis (Yunnan pine)ꎬ litterꎬ soil bacteriaꎬ soil fungiꎬ functional prediction
土壤微生物作为分解者ꎬ在陆地生态系统养 境科学大辞典» 编委会ꎬ2008)ꎮ 土壤微生物群落
分循环中起关键作用ꎬ尤其在森林生态系统中ꎬ它 的构成受凋落物输入量、森林净初级生产力和根
们通过分解有机残体来调节碳( C) 和氮( N) 循环ꎬ 际活动等多重因素的共同作用( 林宝平等ꎬ2017)ꎬ
是 土 壤 养 分 转 化 及 C 代 谢 的 重 要 驱 动 力 其群落结构特征可视为植被更新与演替过程中土
(Nadelhoffer et al.ꎬ 2004)ꎮ 森林凋落物是森林土 壤质量变化的重要指标( Crow et al.ꎬ 2009a)ꎮ 然
壤有机质的主要来源ꎬ它既能供给植物生长所需 而ꎬ全球气候变化和人类活动影响加剧ꎬ对森林生
养分ꎬ又为土壤微生物提供生命活动所需的能源ꎬ 态系统产生了深远影响ꎬ导致地上和地下枯落物
是森林生态系统中物质循环与能量流动的关键环 的输入量及质量发生变化( Liu et al.ꎬ 2021)ꎮ 例
节(Johnston et al.ꎬ 2004)ꎮ 枯落物等有机物质经 如ꎬ大气 CO 浓度升高、气候变暖、大气氮沉降加剧
2
过腐殖化作用形成的土壤腐殖质层ꎬ为土壤微生 及降水模式变动等导致森林枯落物输入量增加ꎬ
物提供了适宜的生存环境和丰富的食物来源(« 环 而全球大气污染、计划烧除和人为清除枯落物等

