Page 92 - 《广西植物》2026年第5期
P. 92

8 2 4                                  广  西  植  物                                         46 卷
                             1ꎬ2ꎬ3        1ꎬ2ꎬ3              1ꎬ2ꎬ3                1ꎬ2ꎬ3                1ꎬ2
              YIN Shuxiang       ꎬ LI Xia    ꎬ SONG Meixi       ꎬ WANG Qingxu         ꎬ SHEN Jicheng ꎬ
                             1ꎬ2               4             1ꎬ2               1ꎬ2                1ꎬ2∗
                   YE Fahui ꎬ ZHAO Jiake ꎬ LIU Demei ꎬ LIU Ruijuan ꎬ CHEN Wenjie

             ( 1. Key Laboratory of Plateau Biological Adaptation and Evolution/ Institute of Plateau Biologyꎬ Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Xining 810008ꎬ
             Chinaꎻ 2. Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding of Qinghai Provinceꎬ Xining 810008ꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ
                   Beijing 100049ꎬ Chinaꎻ 4. School of Ecological and Environmental Engineeringꎬ Qinghai Universityꎬ Xining 810016ꎬ China )

                 Abstract: To reveal the differences in salt tolerance of synthetic hexaploid wheat during seed germination stage under
                 moderate saline soil salt stress on the Qinghai Plateauꎬ and to identify salt ̄tolerant germplasm suitable for local
                                                                                             ̄1
                 cultivationꎬ this study used 43 synthetic hexaploid wheat accessionsꎬ under the conditions of 0 molL NaCl (control)
                              ̄1
                 and 0.08 molL NaCl salt stressꎬ key germination stage traits (such as germination rate and seedling length) were
                 measured. Grey correlation analysis combined with cluster analysis was applied to evaluate the salt tolerance of the tested
                 materials. The results were as follows: (1) The coefficient of variation for the salt tolerance index of each trait in the
                 tested synthetic hexaploid wheat ranged from 28.41% to 59.41%ꎬ with the salt tolerance index of root fresh weight being
                 the highest at 1.05. Under salt stress treatmentꎬ the seedling lengthꎬ coleoptile lengthꎬ maximum root lengthꎬ and shoot
                 fresh weight of the tested synthetic hexaploid wheat were all significantly higher than those of ‘ Gaoyuan 448’ꎻ
                 meanwhileꎬ the salt tolerance indices of seedling lengthꎬ coleoptile lengthꎬ and root fresh weight were also higher than
                 those of ‘Gaoyuan 448’. (2) Among the tested synthetic hexaploid wheat accessionsꎬ seedling length had the highest
                 weight (18.89%). The top 10 materials ranked by comprehensive evaluation were No. 27ꎬ No. 9ꎬ No. 15ꎬ No. 31ꎬ
                 No. 28ꎬ No. 29ꎬ No. 30ꎬ No. 37ꎬ No. 12ꎬ and No. 25 in sequence. (3) The results of cluster analysis showed that the 44
                 tested materials could be classified into 5 clusters. Among themꎬ ClusterⅠwas the moderately salt ̄tolerant groupꎬ and
                 ClusterⅡwas the highly salt ̄tolerant group. All 9 synthetic hexaploid wheat materials developed with Triticum dicoccum
                 (cultivated emmer wheat) as the female parent were mainly distributed in ClusterⅠand ClusterⅡ. Additionallyꎬ Cluster
                Ⅱcontained 7 of the top 10 materials in the comprehensive evaluationꎬ namely No. 9ꎬ No. 27ꎬ No. 15ꎬ No. 31ꎬ No. 28ꎬ
                 No. 29ꎬ and No. 30. This study comprehensively evaluates the changes in key agronomic traits of synthetic hexaploid
                 wheat during seed germination stage under salt stress. It screens out excellent synthetic hexaploid wheat germplasm
                 resources suitable for cultivation in moderately salinized areas such as Qinghaiꎬ and further proposes that T. dicoccum can
                 be used as the female parent to create more synthetic hexaploid wheatꎬ which can be applied to the identification and
                 evaluation of new salt ̄tolerant germplasm. This research provides a germplasm foundation for breeding new salt ̄tolerant
                 wheat varieties suitable for slightly to moderately salinized lands in regions like Qinghaiꎬ and offers a theoretical basis for
                 dissecting the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in wheat.
                 Key words: Qinghai Plateauꎬ synthetic hexaploid wheatꎬ germination ̄stage salt toleranceꎬ salt ̄tolerant germplasm
                 identificationꎬ grey relational analysis




                全球约 20%的耕地及大部分的灌溉土地均受                          限ꎬ出苗和保苗困难ꎬ严重影响农业生产ꎬ制约当

            到不 同 程 度 的 盐 害 ( 王 大 海ꎬ 2004ꎻ Nachshonꎬ            地经济可持续性发展( Mirlas et al.ꎬ 2012ꎻ Tarolli
            2018)ꎮ 我国盐碱地总面积约为 9 913 万 hm ꎬ主                    et al.ꎬ 2024ꎻ Singh et al.ꎬ 2025)ꎮ 作物耐盐种质
                                                      2
            要分布于西北、华北以及东北等地区ꎬ青海省作为                             鉴定和新品种选育已成为当前改善盐渍化土地生
            盐渍化侵害较严重的地区ꎬ其盐渍化土地主要集                              产力的关键途径ꎮ
            中在柴达木盆地和共和盆地且多为中度( 土壤含                                 小麦 ( Triticum aestivum) 是 我 国 三 大 主 粮 之
            盐量为 0.2% ~ 0.4%) 或轻度盐渍土( 土壤含盐量                     一ꎬ小麦生产对于保障国家粮食安全具有重要意
            为 0.1% ~ 0.2%) ( 杨劲松ꎬ2008ꎻ孙兆军ꎬ2017ꎻ刘               义(Acevedo et al.ꎬ 2018)ꎮ 但是ꎬ由于农业生产环
            小京等ꎬ2023)ꎮ 有研究表明ꎬ盐渍化土壤有机质                          境改变和长期人为定向选择ꎬ现代小麦品种的遗
            含量低且土壤结构较差ꎬ导致农作物品种生长受                              传多样性丢失严重ꎬ耐逆性也在持续下降( Ionescu
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