Page 63 - 《广西植物》2026年第7期
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7 期 马佳梅等: SiO  ̄NPs 和 PGPR 对低温胁迫下金鱼草生长生理的影响 1 1 5 9
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1 2 3∗
MA Jiamei ꎬ XU Xiaoyan ꎬ SUN Yingkun
( 1. Rizhao City Public Utilities Management Service Centerꎬ Rizhao 276800ꎬ Shandongꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. Rizhao Garden and Environmental
Sanitation Group Co.ꎬ Ltd.ꎬ Rizhao 276800ꎬ Shandongꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. College of Landscape Architecture
and Forestryꎬ Qingdao Agriculture Universityꎬ Qingdao 266109ꎬ Shandongꎬ China )
Abstract: To investigate the regulatory effects of SiO nanoparticles (SiO  ̄NPsꎬ 20 nm particle diameter) and plant
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growth ̄promoting rhizobacteria ( PGPR) on the growth and physiology of Antirrhinum majus under low ̄temperature
stressꎬ this study used normal temperature ( 25 ℃ day/ 18 ℃ night ) as the control (CK). The biomassꎬ leaf anatomical
structureꎬ chlorophyll contentꎬ chlorophyll fluorescence parametersꎬ and photosynthetic physiological indices of A. majus
were determined under low ̄temperature stress (7 ℃ day / 4 ℃ nightꎬ LT) after foliar spraying of SiO  ̄NPs at three
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 ̄1  ̄1  ̄1
concentrations [S (50 mgL )ꎬ S (100 mgL )ꎬ S (200 mgL )] alone or in combined treatment with PGPR
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strain Bacillus pumilus. The results were as follows: (1) Low ̄temperature stress significantly reduced plant heightꎬ stem
diameterꎬ biomassꎬ palisade tissue thicknessꎬ spongy tissue thicknessꎬ and tissue structure tightness in A. majus
leaves. Spraying different concentrations of SiO  ̄NPs or combined PGPR treatment on leaves could alleviate the growth
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inhibition and improve the tissue structure tightness. (2) Compared with the single low ̄temperature stress treatment
(LT)ꎬ contents of chlorophyll aꎬ chlorophyll bꎬ total chlorophyllꎬ and carotenoids in A. majus treated with LT+S +
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PGPR increased by 25.6%ꎬ 38.5%ꎬ 29.3%ꎬ and 29.6%ꎬ respectively. The maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ
(F / F )ꎬ actual photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ ( φPS Ⅱ)ꎬ and photochemical quenching coefficient ( qP ) in
v m
chlorophyll fluorescence parameters increased by 24. 9%ꎬ 65. 0%ꎬ and 37. 8%ꎬ respectivelyꎬ while the non ̄
photochemical quenching coefficient ( NPQ) decreased. ( 3) Low ̄temperature stress inhibited the increase of net
photosynthetic rate (P )ꎬ transpiration rate (T )ꎬ and stomatal conductance (G ) of A. majus. The LT+S +PGPR
n r s 2
treatment had the most significant promoting effect on P ꎬ T ꎬ and G ꎬ which were 137.1%ꎬ 109.9%ꎬ and 156.9%
n r s
higher than those under the LT treatmentꎬ respectively. (4) Spraying different concentrations of SiO  ̄NPs or combined
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PGPR treatment on leaves could significantly increase the activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and
ribulose ̄1ꎬ5 ̄diphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) in A. majus leavesꎬ reduce the content of abscisic acid (ABA) in
leavesꎬ and enhance leaf water potential (LWP) to alleviate the low ̄temperature stress experienced by A. majus. In
conclusionꎬ LT+ S + PGPR treatment demonstrated optimal efficacyꎬ exhibiting a synergistic effect that significantly
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enhanced the low ̄temperature tolerance of A. majus. This provides technical support for its early spring cold ̄resistant
cultivation.
Key words: SiO nanoporticles ( SiO  ̄NPs )ꎬ plant growth ̄promoting rhizobacteria ( PGPR )ꎬ low ̄temperatureꎬ
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Antirrhinum majusꎬ leaf anatomical characteristicsꎬ chlorophyll fluorescence parametersꎬ photosynthetic enzyme activity
随着全球气候环境的不断变化ꎬ寒潮等极端 多养 分ꎬ 以 及 调 节 吲 哚 乙 酸 ( indoleacetic acidꎬ
温度事件频繁发生ꎬ植物遭受低温胁迫的概率越 IAA) 含 量 和 1 ̄氨 基 环 丙 烷 ̄1 ̄羧 酸 ( 1 ̄
来越大( Ding Y L et al.ꎬ 2024ꎻ许明海等ꎬ2024) ꎮ aminocyclopropane ̄1 ̄carboxylic acidꎬACC) 脱 氨 酶
低温胁迫使得植物细胞间隙变大ꎬ栅栏组织和海 活性等ꎬ对 植 物 生 理 产 生 积 极 影 响 ( 李 圆 圆 等ꎬ
绵组织减少ꎬ同时还会加速植物体内光合色素的 2024ꎻRandive et al.ꎬ 2024ꎻ赫文文等ꎬ2026) ꎮ 一
降解和叶绿体结构的破坏ꎬ造成光系统Ⅱ的实际 些 具 低 温 耐 受 性 的 菌 株ꎬ 如 伯 克 氏 菌 属
光化学效率降低ꎬ最终导致植物生长和发育受到 ( Burkholderia) 、芽 孢 杆 菌 属 ( Bacillus) 和 假 单 胞
抑制( 胡翠翠等ꎬ2020ꎻDevi et al.ꎬ 2024) ꎮ 有研 菌属( Pseudomonas) ꎬ 已 被 证 实 能 够 帮 助 早 熟 禾
究认为ꎬ植物根际促 生 菌 ( plant growth ̄promoting ( Poa annua) 、 小 麦 ( Triticum aestivum ) 和 葡 萄
rhizobacteriaꎬPGPR) 可以通过刺激防御机制来保 ( Vitis vinifera) 等 应 对 低 温 胁 迫 ( Mishra et al.ꎬ
护宿主植物免受非生物胁迫的影响ꎬ包括获取更 2011ꎻTheocharis et al.ꎬ 2012ꎻ何敏等ꎬ2021) ꎮ

