Page 145 - 《广西植物》2025年第11期
P. 145
11 期 张雪莲等: 樟和云南樟枝条功能性状的差异性研究 2 0 8 9
Abstract: Camphora officinarum and C. glandulifera both belong to the genus Camphora in the Lauraceae. In order to
explore whether the two species exhibit the same or similar functional traits and covariant characteristicsꎬ the biennial
branches of C. officinarum and C. glandulifera were used as research objects to measure 18 traitsꎬ including branch
morphologyꎬ component biomass and water content. The descriptive statistical analysisꎬ correlation analysisꎬ allometric
scaling analysis and plant trait network analysis were used to explore the differences in biomass and water allocationsꎬ
allometric relationships between morphological traitsꎬ individual size ̄dependent characteristics and functional trait
network relationships between the two species. The results were as follows: (1) The biennial branches of C. glandulifera
had higher morphological traits and biomass of each component than C. officinarum. The biomass indices for C.
officinarum and C. glandulifera demonstrated moderate variabilityꎬ while the water content indices displayed weaker
variability. The proportions of lamina biomass to total leaf biomass of C. officinarum (93. 6%) and C. glandulifera
(92.5%) were close. Howeverꎬ C. glandulifera (39.0%) had a larger proportion of stem biomass to total branch biomass
than C. officinarum (15.5%). There was no significant difference in the water content percentage of inner leaves between
C. officinarum (92.11%) and C. glandulifera (92.32%). Howeverꎬ the water content percentage in the inner stems of
C. glandulifera (40.43%) was significantly higher than that of C. officinarum (19.64%). (2) Allometric relationships
were observed between component biomassesꎬ morphological traits and water contents of C. officinarum and C.
glandulifera branchesꎬ and many allometric relationships with allometric scaling exponent not equal to one were found for
C. glandulifera branch components. (3) At the leaf levelꎬ the biomass and water allocations of C. officinarum and
C. glandulifera had similar individual size ̄dependent characteristicsꎻ howeverꎬ at the branch levelꎬ different individual
size ̄dependent characteristics of the two species existed. (4) Trait network analysis showed that C. glandulifera branch
trait network was more complex than C. officinarumꎬ that isꎬ C. glandulifera branch traits were more closely relatedꎻ the
covariant relationship between morphological and biomass traits was highꎬ but the water traits were relatively
independent. In conclusionꎬ the branch traits and trait associations of C. officinarum and C. glandulifera of the same
genus exhibited not only great differencesꎬ but also a certain similarityꎬ which may be mainly related to their different
intrinsic growth property.
Key words: branch traitꎬ biomass allocationꎬ allometryꎬ water contentꎬ morphologyꎬ plant functional trait network
植物具有分生组织和分枝能力ꎬ枝条是木本 是植物对异质环境适应性的体现ꎬ因此可以使用
植物的重要组成单元( 孙蒙柯等ꎬ 2018)ꎬ研究其 生物量之比来体现资源分配( 方炎明ꎬ 1996ꎻ 郝虎
生物量分配是植物生活史对策研究的重要内容之 东等ꎬ 2009ꎻ 肖遥等ꎬ 2014)ꎮ 植物资源分配过程
一(Osadaꎬ 2006ꎻ 李亚男等ꎬ 2008)ꎮ 相比于当年 中存在个体大小依赖现象( Barthélémy & Caraglioꎬ
生枝条ꎬ2 年生或 3 年生枝条的生物量分配更能体 2007ꎻ 程栋梁等ꎬ 2011)ꎬ这种现象可以通过各器
现植物对环境变化的长期积累特征ꎮ 例如ꎬ当面 官间的异速生长关系得以体现ꎮ 因此ꎬ异速生长
临低温胁迫时ꎬ植物会自发从各方面作出相应的 模型 可 以 用 于 定 量 研 究 植 物 的 资 源 分 配 策 略
生理过程变化ꎬ以提高自身生态适应性( 杨晶等ꎬ (Enquist & Niklasꎬ 2002)ꎮ 植物枝叶性状的个体
2015)ꎬ这可能会在第 2 年的新枝萌发与生长上体 大小差异ꎬ对于理解枝叶构件机制及光合生理代
现出来ꎮ 因此ꎬ探究 2 年生或多年生枝条功能性 谢具有重要意义( 张晶等ꎬ 2018)ꎮ 有研究表明ꎬ
状变异与权衡特征ꎬ对于深入认识植物对不同环 不同植物各器官生物量分配比例不恒定( 程栋梁
境的长期适应机制至关重要ꎮ 等ꎬ 2011ꎻ 邱东等ꎬ 2017)ꎬ枝条越大ꎬ叶的分配比
植物的资源分配指植物在生长发育过程中将 例可能反而越低ꎬ这是因为枝条越大ꎬ获取高光合
所同化的有限资源分配给植物各构件ꎬ是植物繁 效率需要支持器官付出的成本越高( 李亚男等ꎬ
殖与生存平衡的结果(Silvertownꎬ 1982ꎻ 陶冶和张 2008)ꎬ因此进行异速生长分析可以量化各构件增
元明ꎬ 2014)ꎬ资源分配不仅是生活史对策理论的 长速度并清晰呈现各构件间资源分配速度差异ꎮ
核心 内 容ꎬ 还 具 有 重 要 的 生 态 学 和 进 化 意 义 在植物的各器官中ꎬ叶片和叶柄的生物量分配对
(Müller et al.ꎬ 2000ꎻ 党晶晶等ꎬ 2015)ꎮ 生物量 植物的 生 长、 发 育 和 繁 殖 具 有 极 其 重 要 的 作 用

