Page 112 - 《广西植物》2025年第3期
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4 9 2 广 西 植 物 45 卷
图中的细胞颜色、形状、大小等均不代表实际情况ꎬ本图仅为示意图ꎮ 细胞毒素模型、能量缺乏模型、细胞异常凋亡模型完全由线
粒体主导ꎬ并主要影响花粉发育进程ꎮ 因此ꎬ这里将 3 个模型一起讨论ꎮ A. 细胞毒素模型认为 CMS 蛋白均属于细胞毒性蛋白ꎬ
直接使花粉发育相关细胞陷入胁迫ꎬ或直接破坏这些细胞ꎬ从而导致 CMS 现象ꎮ B. 细胞异常凋亡模型认为在 CMS 相关蛋白作
用下ꎬ花粉发育相关细胞中(主要是绒毡层细胞)出现了活性氧爆发现象ꎻ 绒毡层细胞提前凋亡ꎬ导致花粉母细胞发育失去物质
供应ꎬ同时绒毡层细胞在凋亡中异常膨大ꎬ挤压花粉母细胞发育空间ꎻ 花粉母细胞无法继续发育从而引起 CMS 现象ꎮ C. 能量缺
乏模型认为 CMS 相关蛋白通过竞争结合位点、共转录等方式破坏电子传递链ꎬ干扰 ATP 的合成ꎻ ATP 合成量不足导致花粉发育
受阻ꎬ从而引发 CMS 现象ꎮ
The cell colorsꎬ shapesꎬ sizesꎬ etc.ꎬ in the figure do not represent the actual situation. This figure is for illustrative purposes only. The
cytotoxicity modelꎬ energy deficiency modelꎬ and aberrant programmed cell death model are completely dominated by the mitochondria and
mainly affect the pollen development process. Thereforeꎬ these three models are further discussed together here. A. The diagram of the
cytotoxicity model suggests that CMS ̄related proteins are cytotoxic proteinsꎬ which directly stress the development ̄related cells of pollen or
directly destroy these cellsꎬ leading to the CMS phenomenon. B. The aberrant programmed cell death model suggests that under the action of
CMS ̄related proteinsꎬ there is a burst of reactive oxygen species in development ̄related cells of pollen (mainly tapetum cells)ꎻ tapetum cells
undergo premature apoptosisꎬ leading to the loss of material supply for pollen mother cell developmentꎬ meanwhileꎬ tapetum cells abnormally
enlarge during apoptosisꎬ squeezing the development space of pollen mother cellsꎻ pollen mother cells cannot continue to developꎬ leading to the
CMS phenomenon. C. The energy deficiency model suggests that CMS ̄related proteins disrupt the electron transport chain by competing for
binding sitesꎬ co ̄transcriptionꎬ etc.ꎬ interfering with ATP synthesisꎻ insufficient ATP synthesis leads to inhibition of pollen developmentꎬ
leading to the CMS phenomenon.
图 2 细胞毒素模型、能量缺乏模型和细胞异常凋亡模型的图解
Fig. 2 Diagrams of cytotoxicity modelꎬ energy deficiency modelꎬ and aberrant programmed cell death model

