Page 137 - 《广西植物》2023年第3期
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3 期 庞世龙等: 桂西南岩溶区八种适生植物光合性状的变异与关联 5 3 7
Abstract: In order to explore the photosynthetic physiological adaptation mechanism of karst plantꎬ the leaf photosythetic
parameters of eight karst adaptable plants in Pingguo Cityꎬ Guangxi were detected and analyzedꎬ including net
photosynthetic rate (P )ꎬ stomatal conductivity (G )ꎬ intercellular CO concentration (C )ꎬ transpiration rate (T )ꎬ
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water use efficiency ( WUE ) and stomatal limitation value ( L )ꎬ by using Li ̄6400XT portable photosynthesis
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system. Statistical methodsꎬ such as Pearson correlation analysisꎬ principal component analysis ( PCA )ꎬ and
permutational multivariate analysis of variance ( PERMANOVA) were also used in this study. The results were as
follows: (1) Six photosynthetic parameters had different variations within and between speciesꎬ and all the intraspecific
variations were greater than the interspecific. (2) Change of G and T mainly originated from interspecific variation
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(46.72% - 49.76%)ꎬ while that of P ꎬ C ꎬ WUE and L mainly from intraspecific variation (48.66% - 64.50%). At
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the life form levelꎬ the intraspecific variations of P ꎬ G and T of evergreen plants were less than those of deciduous
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plantsꎬ but the intraspecific variation of C ꎬ WUE and L of evergreen plants was higher. (3) Interspecific variations of
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all the parameters of deciduous plants were greater than those of evergreen plants. (4) G variation was the greatest both
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at the intraspecific and the interspecific levelsꎬ followed by T and P ꎬ then L and WUEꎬ and C variation were the
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least. There were significant positive correlations among P ꎬ G and T ( P < 0. 01). L was significantly positively
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correlated with WUE (P<0.05)ꎬ but negatively with G and C (P<0.05). The correlations among these photosynthetic
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parameters are basically consistent with the global scaleꎬ which reflects the diverse trade ̄off strategies of plants to
environment resources. The results also verified the leaf economics spectrum (LES) of karst plant. (5) Evergreen plants
were located at the slow investment ̄return end of the LES with high values of L ꎬ WUE and low values of G ꎬ T ꎬ C and
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P . On the contraryꎬ deciduous plants were located at the quick investment ̄return end of the LES with low value of WUE
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and high value of P and T . The results reflect karst plant adapt to changing environment with different adaptation
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strategies by trade ̄offs or co ̄ordinations among traitsꎬ and provide scientific basis for selecting adaptive tree species and
accelerating the succession process of vegetation restoration in the karst area.
Key words: photosynthetic traitsꎬ intraspecific variationꎬ interspecific variationꎬ leaf economics spectrumꎬ karst
光合作用是植物吸收光能转化为化学能的过 spectrumꎬ LES)的提出ꎬ为生态学研究提供了新的
程ꎬ是植物干物质积累和新陈代谢最重要的生理 理论 与 方 法 ( Sakschewski et al.ꎬ 2015ꎻ 宋 贺 等ꎻ
过程ꎬ对实现自然界能量转换ꎬ维持大气碳-氧平 2016)ꎬ也为更好地理解植物对气候变化的适应机
衡具有重要意义( 潘业兴和王帅ꎬ 2016)ꎮ 光合作 制提供了科学依据ꎮ LES 是一系列相互联系、协
用既受叶片自身性状的影响ꎬ又与光照、温度、湿 同变化的性状组合ꎬ同时量化了一系列连续变化
度、CO 浓度以及水分等外界环境因子密切相关ꎬ 的植物资源权衡策略ꎮ LES 的一端是“ 快速投资-
2
不同的环境因子会表现出不同的生态适应性和适 收益”型物种ꎬ而另一端是“ 缓慢投资-收益” 型物
应机制 ( Robert et al.ꎬ 2007ꎻ 池 永 宽 等ꎬ 2014)ꎮ 种ꎬ其间 是 二 者 的 过 渡 梯 度 类 型 ( Wright et al.ꎬ
在植物生理生态学研究中ꎬ叶片光合生理一直备 2004ꎻ 陈莹 婷 和 许 振 柱ꎬ 2014ꎻ 金 鹰 和 王 传 宽ꎬ
受关注(曹生奎等ꎬ 2012ꎻ 谭代军等ꎬ 2019)ꎮ 2015)ꎮ 此后ꎬ在全球范围内有关 LES 的研究相继
近年来ꎬ气候变化对全球生态系统和生物多 展开ꎬ虽然从不同尺度、不同分类群、不同生态系
样性造成的一系列负面或潜在影响已引起全社会 统利 用 不 同 性 状 指 标 验 证 了 LES 的 普 遍 存 在
的密切关注( 王常顺和汪诗平ꎬ 2015)ꎮ 叶片性状 ( Sakschewski et al.ꎬ 2015ꎻ Asner et al.ꎬ 2016ꎻ
对气候变化极为敏感ꎬ能够较为准确地反映植物 Zirbel et al.ꎬ 2017ꎻ 朱济友等ꎬ 2018)ꎬ但也有一些
对气 候 变 化 的 响 应 与 适 应 机 制 ( Scoffoni et al.ꎬ 研究 报 道 了 与 LES 存 在 差 异 或 矛 盾 的 结 果
2011ꎻ 肖迪等ꎬ 2016)ꎮ 因此ꎬ以叶片为研究对象ꎬ (Messier et al.ꎬ 2017)ꎮ LES 理论的检验与应用仍
国内外众多生态学者进行了大量研究( Wright et 需更多验证ꎮ 在中国 LES 的研究仍然存在较大空
al.ꎬ 2004ꎻ Read et al.ꎬ2014ꎻ 荀彦涵等ꎬ 2020ꎻ 庞 缺ꎬ尤其对极端和特殊生境的研究相对有限ꎮ
世龙等ꎬ 2021a)ꎮ 其中ꎬ叶经济谱( leaf economics 中国 西 南 岩 溶 区 碳 酸 盐 岩 出 露 面 积 54 万