Page 80 - 《广西植物》2026年第3期
P. 80

4 5 6                                  广  西  植  物                                         46 卷
                  ( 1. School of Pharmacyꎬ Guilin Medical Universityꎬ Guilin 541004ꎬ Guangxiꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional
                           Phytochemicals and Continuous Utilization of Resourcesꎬ Guangxi Institute of Botanyꎬ Guangxi Zhuang
                               Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Guilin 541006ꎬ Guangxiꎬ China )

                 Abstract: A phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Castanopsis delavayi was conducted to explore its constituent
                 compounds and evaluate their inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase. The 80% methanol extract of the leaves was
                 sequentially purified using multiple chromatographic columnsꎬ including Sephadex LH ̄20ꎬ MCI gel CHP 20Pꎬ Diaion
                 HP20SSꎬ and Toyopearl HW ̄40F. The structure of isolated compounds was identified by pop analysis (NMRꎬ MS) in
                 comparison with literature data. An in vitro screening model for pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity was established utilizing
                 the 4 ̄methylumbelliferyl oleate (4 ̄MUO) fluorescence assayꎬ with orlistat serving as the positive control (IC = 0.001 4
                                                                                                50
                        ̄1
                 mmolL ). The results were as follows: (1) Nineteen compounds were successfully isolated and structurally characterized
                 from the 80% methanol extractꎬ namely gallic acid (1)ꎬ syringic acid (2)ꎬ (Z) ̄3ꎬ 5 ̄dihydroxycinnamic acid (3)ꎬ (E) ̄
                 3ꎬ 5 ̄dihydroxycinnamic acid (4)ꎬ dehydrodigallic acid (5)ꎬ 3 ̄O ̄β ̄D ̄(6′ ̄O ̄galloyl) ̄glucopyranoside (6)ꎬ gentisic acid ̄
                 5 ̄O ̄β ̄D ̄(6′ ̄O ̄galloyl) ̄glucopyranoside ( 7)ꎬ macarangioside E ( 8)ꎬ chesnatin ( 9)ꎬ theogallin ( 10)ꎬ 3 ̄O ̄p ̄
                 coumaroylquinic acid (11)ꎬ 5 ̄O ̄caffeoylquinic acid (12)ꎬ methyl chlorogenate (13)ꎬ quercetin (14)ꎬ myricetin ̄3 ̄O ̄β ̄D ̄
                 glucopyranoside (15)ꎬ quercetin ̄3 ̄O ̄β ̄D ̄galactoside (16)ꎬ quercetin ̄3 ̄O ̄glucuronopyranoside (17)ꎬ quercetin ̄3 ̄O ̄β ̄D ̄
                 glucuronide ̄6″ ̄methyl ester (18)ꎬ and quercetin 3 ̄O ̄(6″ ̄O ̄galloyl) ̄β ̄D ̄galactopyranoside (hyperin 6″ ̄gallate) (19). (2)
                 Twelve compounds exhibiting differential inhibitory effects against pancreatic lipaseꎬ and compounds 6ꎬ 7ꎬ 12ꎬ and 17
                 demonstrated significant inhibitory activity. All compounds were isolated from C. delavayi for the first timeꎬ providing a
                 theoretical basis for further research on its lipid ̄lowering effects.
                 Key words: Castanopsis delavayiꎬ chemical constituentsꎬ isolation and identificationꎬ pancreatic lipaseꎬ
                 inhibitory activity



                肥胖症是对健康产生不良影响的异常或脂肪                            西南部(四川、云南、贵州)海拔 1 100 ~ 1 380 m 的
            积聚 过 多 导 致 的 慢 性 代 谢 性 疾 病 ( World Health          山顶部矮林草甸地带( 中国科学院中国植物志编
            Organizationꎬ2003)ꎬ过度肥胖会导致高血脂、高血                   辑委员会ꎬ1998)ꎮ 高山锥根部具有收敛、止泻、解
            压、糖尿病等多种慢性疾病( 南敏伦等ꎬ2021)ꎮ 目                        毒、消炎等作用ꎬ果实常被用于治疗心悸、耳鸣、腰
            前ꎬ我国肥胖人群患病率呈现出持续上升趋势ꎬ肥                             痛等病症( 凌一揆ꎬ2008)ꎮ 植物化学和现代药理
            胖症已成为我国重大公共卫生问题( Murray et al.ꎬ                    学研究发现锥属植物富含植物多酚ꎬ包括黄酮、酚
            2020)ꎮ 胰脂肪酶是人体内脂肪消化吸收的关键                           糖苷、没 食 子 酸 等 成 分ꎬ 具 有 降 血 脂 ( 赵 盈 等ꎬ
            酶ꎬ可以通过抑制胰脂肪酶活性来降低人体内对                              2023)、 抗 炎 ( 倪 晓 婷 等ꎬ 2024 )、 降 糖、 抗 氧 化
            脂肪的吸收和水解ꎬ进而达到减重效果( Jia et al.ꎬ                     (Yang et al.ꎬ2024) 等药理活性ꎬ有较好的开发利
            2017)ꎮ 现有的治疗肥胖症药物奥利司他ꎬ通过抑                          用价值ꎮ 目前ꎬ高山锥的化学成分研究尚未见报
            制胰脂肪酶活性发挥作用ꎬ但其可能会引发肝肾                              道ꎬ为了进一步丰富锥属植物的化学成分ꎬ本研究
            损伤、腹 泻、 胀 气 等 多 种 不 良 反 应 ( 刘 美 奇 等ꎬ               对高山锥叶的 80% 甲醇提取物进行化学成分研
            2025)ꎮ 因此ꎬ寻找来源充足且安全性较高的天然                          究ꎬ并探究其化合物对胰脂肪酶的抑制活性ꎬ旨在
            产物类胰脂肪酶抑制剂具有重要的临床意义( 张                             发现具有良好胰脂肪酶抑制活性的单体化合物ꎬ
            楠ꎬ2023)ꎮ 目前ꎬ已发现多种天然化合物( 如黄酮                        为高山锥的合理开发利用提供科学依据ꎬ推动降
            类、酚酸类等) 对胰脂肪酶具有抑制作用ꎬ而关于                            脂药物的进一步开发ꎮ
            高山锥中酚糖苷类胰脂肪酶抑制活性尚未见研究
                                                               1  仪器与材料
            报道(Chen et al.ꎬ2024)ꎮ
                 高 山 锥 ( Castanopsis delavayi ) 为 壳 斗 科
            (Fagaceae)锥属( Castanopsis Spach) 植物ꎬ乔木ꎬ叶               500 MHz 超导核磁共振波谱仪( 德国布鲁克
            近革质ꎬ干后略硬而脆ꎬ倒卵形ꎬ主要分布于我国                             公司)ꎻ岛津 LCMS ̄IT ̄TOF 液质联用色谱仪、岛津
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