Page 104 - 《广西植物》2026年第5期
P. 104

8 3 6                                  广  西  植  物                                         46 卷
             ( 1. Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetableꎬ Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairsꎬ Guangxi Key
                Laboratory of Quality Safety Control for Featured Subtropical Fruitsꎬ Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Instituteꎬ Nanning 530000ꎬ
                           Chinaꎻ 2. School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestryꎬ Hainan Universityꎬ Haikou 570228ꎬ China )


                 Abstract: Jackfruit ( Artocarpus heterophyllus) possesses significant nutritional and economic valueꎬ with sugar
                 substances playing a critical role in determing fruit quality attributes. Howeverꎬ the contentꎬ accumulation type and
                 metabolic pathways of sugar substancesꎬ are highly complex and co ̄regulated by multiple interconnected pathways. To
                 systematically investigate the differences in sugar metabolism and the underlying regulatory networks among distinct
                 jackfruit varietiesꎬ as well as the key metabolites and pathway mechanismsꎬ this study selected the pulp from three
                 economically important cultivarsꎬ ‘ THA’ꎬ ‘ GTM’ꎬ and ‘ YNH’ꎬ at a comparable commercial maturity stage as
                 experimental materials. Employing widely ̄targeted metabolomics technologyꎬ we conducted a systematic identification
                 and quantitative analysis of metabolites present in the fruit pulp. This high ̄throughput approach enabled the
                 comprehensive profiling of a wide spectrum of biochemical compounds. Differential metabolites were screened through
                 multivariate statistical analysesꎬ including principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares ̄
                 discriminant analysis (OPLS ̄DA). Pathway enrichment analysis of the significantly differential sugar metabolites was
                 performed utilizing the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. This integrated strategy allowed
                 for the construction of detailedꎬ variety ̄specific sugar metabolic networksꎬ revealing the core and specialized pathways
                 active in each cultivar. The results were as follows: (1) A total of 1 381 metabolites across 13 categories were
                 identifiedꎬ including 65 metabolites classified as sugar metabolites. Among theseꎬ 33 metabolites exhibited differential
                 accumulation patterns. (2) (2S) ̄1 ̄O ̄palmitoleyl ̄3 ̄O ̄β ̄D ̄galacopyranosylglycerolꎬ 1 ̄(sn ̄glycero ̄3 ̄phosphate) ̄1D ̄
                 inositolꎬ and D ̄erythrose ̄4 ̄phosphate were respectively the characteristic metabolites of ‘ THA’ꎬ ‘ GTM’ꎬ and
                 ‘YNH’ jackfruit fruits. ( 3) Eleven core sugar metabolic pathways collectively formed the regulatory network in
                 jackfruit pulp. ( 4) This network exhibited both conservation and cultivar specificity: fundamental pathways —
                 including carbon metabolism (ko01200) and nucleotide sugar biosynthesis (ko00520) — were significantly enriched
                 across all varietiesꎬ while unique metabolites and pathways characterized each cultivar. This study investigates the
                 sugar metabolites identified during the metabolic processes of different jackfruit varieties and clarifies that the key
                 characteristic metabolites of these varieties are not common sugars but rather their derivatives or intermediates. This
                 finding not only reveals the specific material basis underlying varietal differences in sugar accumulation but also
                 elucidates a regulatory feature of the jackfruit sugar metabolic networkꎬ namely “ conserved foundational pathways
                 coupled with specialized individual metabolism ”. At the metabolic levelꎬ this study further uncovers the key
                 mechanisms governing the formation of flavor quality and the reasons for varietal differences in soluble solids (SS)
                 contentꎬ thereby providing important theoretical support for the quality improvement of jackfruit.
                 Key words: jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus)ꎬ sugar metabolismꎬ widely ̄targetedꎬ metabolomicsꎬ soluble solids


                菠萝蜜( Artocarpus heterophyllus) 属于桑科菠           合成与分解的动态平衡ꎬ成熟菠萝蜜蔗糖占比超
            萝蜜属植物ꎬ起源于印度、东南亚的热带地区ꎬ具                             过总糖的 70%ꎬ在果实甜度性状中发挥关键作用
            有较高经济价值ꎬ我国广东、广西、海南等地广泛                             (段小强ꎬ2016ꎻ胡丽松等ꎬ2017)ꎮ
            栽培(高爱平等ꎬ2003)ꎮ 其果实风味馥郁、蜜甜可                             广泛靶向代谢组学技术整合了非靶向代谢组
            口ꎬ含有丰富的糖和蛋白质ꎬ营养价值高ꎮ 糖分是                            的宽覆盖优势与靶向代谢组的准确定量能力ꎬ可
            果实生长过程中的重要代谢产物ꎬ是可溶性固形                              系统鉴定数百种乃至上千种代谢物并解析其功能
            物的主要组成成分ꎬ直接影响消费者的选择偏好                              关联ꎬ为生物代谢通路研究提供高效策略( 胡媛
            和市场竞争力( 谭乐和和郑维全ꎬ2001)ꎮ 糖类物                         等ꎬ2022)ꎮ 目前ꎬ该技术已在青稞品质标志物筛
            质及其中间代谢产物会影响果实风味、色泽及香                              选(黄海皎等ꎬ2024)、芍药代谢多样性解析( Li et
            气物质的形成( 张上隆ꎬ2007ꎻ胡媛等ꎬ2022)ꎮ 转                      al.ꎬ2024)及壶瓶枣果实生物活性成分分析等研究
            化酶、蔗糖磷酸合成酶等关键酶调控菠萝蜜糖分                              (冯志宏ꎬ2020)成功应用ꎮ 近年来ꎬ关于菠萝蜜的
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