Page 74 - 《广西植物》2020年第9期
P. 74

9 期                     涂冬萍等: 牛大力淀粉酶基因家族的生物信息学分析                                          1 2 8 9


    ( 1. Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicineꎬ Nanning 530200ꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. Guangxi Zhuang Yao Pharmaceutical Engineering Centerꎬ
       Nanning 530200ꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional ingredients from Agricultural Residues of Guangxi
         University of Traditional Chinese Medicineꎬ Nanning 530200ꎬ Chinaꎻ 4. Medical Botanical of Guangxiꎬ Nanning 530023ꎬ Chinaꎻ
                      5. Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Labꎬ Nanning 530007ꎬ China )

       Abstract: In order to lay the foundation for revealing the growth and development law and screening the genes related to
       root expansion by studying the biological activity of the amylase gene family of Millettia speciosa. Based on the transcrip ̄
       tome sequencing results of non ̄enlarged and enlarged root of M. speciosaꎬ 28 daphnia magna amylase genes were
       screened by bioinformatics technology. The results showed that the molecular weights of amino acid sequences encoded by
       28 amylase ̄related protein genes ranged from 20.78 to 349.39 KDa. They were all acidic proteinsꎬ some of the subcellu ̄
       lar localization was in chloroplast. They had PLN02784 super family and AmyAc ̄family super family conserved
       domains. The proportion of random coil in the secondary structure was the largest excluded from MsAm1ꎬ MsAm7ꎬ
       MsAm8ꎬ MsAm15ꎬ MsAm16ꎬ MsAm22ꎬ MsAm23 and MsAm28. Tertiary structure prediction showed that the amylase of
       M. speciosa contained α ̄amylase structureꎬ β ̄amylase structureꎬ and isoamylase structure. Amylase gene family had 86
       functional elementsꎬ and MsAm9 had the most functional elements (42). The phylogenetic tree showed that MsAm15ꎬ
       MsAm16 belonged to the same category and had motif 2ꎬ motif 3ꎬ motif 7ꎬ and MsAm4ꎬ MsAm24ꎬ MsAm26 belonged to
       the other same category. Compared to Arabidopsis thaliana anylaseꎬ AtBM4 and MsAm6ꎬ AtAM2 and MsAm2ꎬ AtBM8
       and MsAm5ꎬ AtBM4 and MsAm6ꎬ AtAM10 and MsAm22ꎬ AtIM3 and MsAm17 belonged to the same categoryꎬ respec ̄
       tively. These results could provide a theoretical basis for the further study of biological functions and regulation mecha ̄
       nism of 28 M. speciosa amylaseꎬ and provide a reference for the study of root enlargement and improvement of M. speciosa
       amylase varieties.
       Key words: Millettia speciosaꎬ transcription groupꎬ amylase gene familyꎬ physicochemical characteristics

       牛大力为豆科蝶形花亚科崖豆藤属植物美丽                           鲜品产地收购价已升至 每 kg 20 元ꎬ到 2012 年品
   崖豆藤(Millettia speciosa)的干燥根ꎮ 味甘性平ꎬ具               质较好的上等鲜品收购价已暴涨至每 kg 80 ~ 100

   补虚润肺、强筋活络之效ꎬ临床上对腰肌劳损、风                            元ꎬ但目前市场无大宗货源(伍家豪ꎬ2014)ꎮ
   湿性关节炎、肺结核、慢性支气管炎等慢性疾病有                                近年来ꎬ随着野生资源的减少ꎬ牛大力种植产
   一定疗效( 全国中草药汇编编写组ꎬ1986)ꎮ 主要                        业显示出了广阔的发展前景ꎮ 但目前牛大力栽培
   分布于福建、湖南、广东、广西、海南、贵州等地ꎬ是                          中遇到了根不膨大ꎬ无法结薯的难题ꎬ影响了药材

   两广地区著名的补骨强筋中药ꎬ常用于制作药膳、                            的产量和质量ꎮ 经过调查发现ꎬ同一个植株的牛
   药酒等( 广西壮族自治区卫生厅ꎬ1992ꎻ广东省食                         大力不同的根性状差异显著ꎬ结薯能力不同ꎮ 目

   品药品监督管理局ꎬ2004ꎻ南京中医药大学ꎬ2005ꎻ                       前还未见牛大力根膨大的分子机理的确切研究和
   刘 丹 丹 等ꎬ 2009ꎻ 韦 翠 萍 等ꎬ 2009ꎻ 韦 玉 燕 等ꎬ            报道ꎮ 现有研究发现基因的表达显著影响了植物
   2010)ꎬ为岭南地区著名的药食两用植物ꎮ 现代实                         膨大根的膨大ꎬ其中与木质素和淀粉合成及代谢
   验研究表明ꎬ牛大力具有提高免疫功能、保肝、祛                            相关的基 因 变 化 明 显 ( Gui et al.ꎬ 2011ꎻ Wang et
   痰、镇咳、平喘、抗氧化、抗炎、抗肿瘤等作用( 周添                         al.ꎬ 2016)ꎮ 据报道ꎬ在紫薯储藏根中ꎬ膨大的根
   农等ꎬ2009ꎻ王 呈 文 等ꎬ2013ꎻ 罗 轩 等ꎬ2014ꎻ 黄 翔             淀粉含量下降ꎬβ ̄淀粉酶活明显提高ꎬ淀粉降解加

   等ꎬ2014ꎻ陈蓉蓉等ꎬ2014)ꎮ 随着牛大力的深入开                      速ꎮ 研究表明ꎬ淀粉酶的活性与储藏根发育存在
   发利用ꎬ除了加工成中成药外ꎬ鲜品制作药膳的需                            一定的关系ꎮ 本研究基于牛大力根系转录组测序
   求迅速增长ꎬ以致价格不断攀升ꎮ 1999 年牛大力                         数据ꎬ对筛选出的淀粉酶基因家族成员进行生物
   干品在产地收购价为每 kg 5 ~ 6 元ꎬ2007 年牛大力                   信息学分析ꎬ为今后研究及阐释淀粉酶对牛大力
   69   70   71   72   73   74   75   76   77   78   79