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(homologous recombinationꎬ HR) 可实现基因的定 function [J]. Mol Plant Microbe Inꎬ 21(1): 30-39.
点修复或插入( Hsu et al.ꎬ 2014)ꎮ 本研究中ꎬ双 BRACUTO Vꎬ APPIANO Mꎬ RICCIARDI Lꎬ et al.ꎬ 2017.
基因靶点编辑支持上述稳定转化突变结论ꎬ并且 Functional characterization of the powdery mildew
可能以 NHEJ 修复为主ꎮ 定量分析表明ꎬ纯合突变 susceptibility gene SmMLO1 in eggplant ( Solanum
体靶基因表达水平下降且 SlMLO1 较 SlMLO6 效果 melongena L.) [J]. Transgen Resꎬ 26(3): 323-330.
BUSCHGES Rꎬ HOLLRICHER Kꎬ PANSTRUGA Rꎬ et al.ꎬ
更加明显ꎬ但杂合株需分离纯化ꎮ M1 SlMLO1、M3
和 M10 SlMLO6 未 发 生 突 变ꎬ 可 能 与 脱 靶 效 应 1997. The barley MLO gene: A novel control element of plant
pathogen resistance [J]. Cellꎬ 88(5): 695-705.
有关ꎮ
DESLANDES Lꎬ PILEUR Fꎬ LIAUBET Lꎬ et al.ꎬ 1998.
MLO 借助乳突作用负调控植物抗性及叶肉细
Genetic characterization of RRS1ꎬ a recessive locus in
胞死亡ꎬ通过协助病原菌侵染抑制防御反应( Kim
Arabidopsis thaliana that confers resistance to the bacterial
et al.ꎬ 2002a)ꎮ 同 时ꎬ MLO 可 通 过 结 合 钙 调 素
soilborne pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum [ J]. Mol Plant
(calmodulinꎬ CaM)提高自身功能活性以降低植物
Microbe Inꎬ 11(7): 659-667.
抗病力( Kim et al.ꎬ 2002b)ꎮ 本课题组前期研究
HSU PDꎬ LANDER ESꎬ ZHANG Fꎬ 2014. Development and
表明 SlMLO1 含有 CaMBDꎬ推测其通过结合 CaM
applications of CRISPR ̄Cas9 for genome engineering
促进番茄感病ꎮ 辣椒 CaMLO6 通过与 CaWRKY40
[J]. Cellꎬ 157(6): 1262-1278.
互作负调控青枯病抗性(Yang et al.ꎬ 2020)ꎮ 鉴于 JIAN Xꎬ MIAO YMꎬ SUI YHꎬ et al.ꎬ 2015. Cloning and
番茄和辣椒的亲缘关系ꎬ推测 SlMLO6 具有相似功 expression vector construction of cucumber LDC and
能ꎮ 抗性表型初步鉴定说明 SlMLO1 / 6 可能是青 transformation to tabacco [ J]. Guihaiaꎬ 35 ( 2): 255 -
枯病易感基因ꎮ 但是ꎬ青枯病抗性遗传复杂ꎬ受多 260. [简兴ꎬ 苗永美ꎬ 隋益虎ꎬ 等ꎬ 2015. 黄瓜 LDC 克隆、
基因控制ꎮ 由于脱靶效应的存在ꎬ因此非目的基 表达载体的构建及烟草转化研究[J]. 广西植物ꎬ 35(2):
因(编码区和非编码区)打靶如何影响编辑效果和 255-260.]
植株表型需进一步通过全基因组或脱靶位点测序 KIM DSꎬ CHOI HWꎬ HWANG BKꎬ 2014. Pepper mildew
进行评估ꎮ 同时ꎬMLO 家族基因是否存在功能冗 resistance locus O interacts with pepper calmodulin and
余和多等位基因效应ꎬ也需进一步验证ꎮ 总之ꎬ需 suppresses Xanthomonas AvrBsT ̄triggered cell death and
defense responses [J]. Plantaꎬ 240: 827-839.
从表型、理化和分子水平对不同品种番茄 Slmlo1 / 6
突变体及其后代进行综合鉴定ꎬ以获得纯合稳定 KIM DSꎬ HWANG BKꎬ 2012. The pepper MLO geneꎬ
CaMLO2ꎬ is involved in the susceptibility cell ̄death
有生产应用价值的育种材料ꎮ
response and bacterial and oomycete proliferation [J]. Plant
Jꎬ 72(5): 843-855.
参考文献: KIM MCꎬ LEE SHꎬ KIM JKꎬ et al.ꎬ 2002a. Mloꎬ a modulator
of plant defense and cell deathꎬ is a novel calmodulin ̄
ACEVEDO ̄GARCIA Jꎬ GRUNER Kꎬ REINSTÄDLER Aꎬ et binding protein [J]. J Biol Chemꎬ 277(22): 19304-19314.
al.ꎬ 2017. The powdery mildew ̄resistant Arabidopsis mlo2 KIM MCꎬ PANSTRUGA Rꎬ ELLIOTT Cꎬ et al.ꎬ 2002b.
mlo6 mlo12 triple mutant displays altered infection Calmodulin interacts with MLO protein to regulate defence
phenotypes with diverse types of phytopathogens [ J]. Sci against mildew in barley [ J ]. Natureꎬ 416(6879):
Repꎬ 7: 9319. 447-451.
APPIANO Mꎬ PAVAN Sꎬ CATALANO Dꎬ et al.ꎬ 2015. KUSCH Sꎬ PANSTRUGA Rꎬ 2017. mlo ̄based resistance: An
Identification of candidate MLO powdery mildew apparently universal “ weapon” to defeat powdery mildew
susceptibility genes in cultivated Solanaceae and functional disease [J]. Mol Plant Microbe Interactꎬ 30(3): 179-189.
characterization of tobacco NtMLO1 [ J]. Transgen Resꎬ MA XLꎬ ZHANG QYꎬ ZHU QLꎬ et al.ꎬ 2015. A robust
24(5): 847-858. CRISPR/ Cas9 system for convenientꎬ high ̄efficiency
BAI Yꎬ PAVAN Sꎬ ZHENG Zꎬ et al.ꎬ 2008. Naturally multiplex genome editing in monocot and dicot plants
occurring broad ̄spectrum powdery mildew resistance in a [J]. Mol Plantꎬ 8(8): 1274-1284.
Central American tomato accession is caused by loss of mlo MALI Pꎬ ESVELT KMꎬ CHURCH GMꎬ 2013. Cas9 as a