Page 137 - 《广西植物》2026年第4期
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4 期 李丽丽等: 软枣猕猴桃‘九月’和‘桓优一号’营养物质积累规律比较分析 6 9 5
1ꎬ2 1ꎬ2 4 1ꎬ2
LI Lili ꎬ ZHANG Yuming ꎬ YANG Chengjun ꎬ SHEN Jian ꎬ
2ꎬ3 1ꎬ2 1ꎬ2∗
N. V. Skrypchenko ꎬ LIU Dejiang ꎬ CAO Manjun
( 1. College of Biology and Agricultureꎬ Jiamusi Universityꎬ Jiamusi 154007ꎬ Heilongjiangꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. China ̄Ukraine Agriculture & Forestry
Technology Development and Application International Cooperation Joint Laboratoryꎬ Jiamusi 154007ꎬ Heilongjiangꎬ Chinaꎻ
3. M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraineꎬ Kyiv 01014ꎬ Ukraine)ꎻ
4. College of Forestryꎬ Northeast Forestry Universityꎬ Harbinꎬ 150040ꎬ China )
Abstract: To investigate the dynamic changes in fruit characteristics and nutrient accumulation laws in two cultivars of
Actinidia argutaꎬ ‘Jiuyue’ and ‘Huanyou No.1’ꎬ Fruits at different growth stages were taken as test materialsꎬ and
measurements were conducted according to methods specified in national standardsꎬ encompassing three dimensions
(cross diameterꎬ side diameterꎬ longitudinal diameter)ꎬ single fruit weightꎬ total sugarꎬ total acidꎬ 17 amino acidsꎬ 4
vitaminsꎬ mineral elementsꎬ and total dietary fiber content. The results were as follows: (1) The fruit development for
both ‘Jiuyue’ and ‘Huanyou No.1’ could be divided into four distinct growth stages: young fruit stageꎬ fruit expansion
stage Iꎬ fruit expansion stage IIꎬ and maturation stageꎬ with both cultivars exhibiting a fruit shape index exceeding
1. (2) In ‘Jiuyue’ fruitsꎬ only the contents of glutamic acidꎬ arginineꎬ and methionine increasedꎬ while in ‘Huanyou
No.1’ fruitsꎬ only glutamic acid showed an increasing trendꎻ all other amino acids decreased. The tyrosine content
 ̄1  ̄1
decreased significantly to (342.06 ± 1.13) mgkg (an 88.52% reduction) in ‘Jiuyue’ and (245.18 ± 0.44) mgkg
(a 94.32% reduction) in ‘Huanyou No.1’. Glutamic acid became the most abundant amino acid during the fruit
 ̄1
expansion II and maturation stagesꎬ reaching levels of (1 971.11 ± 1.18) mgkg in ‘Jiuyue’ and (1 397.68 ± 0.23)
 ̄1
mgkg in ‘Huanyou No.1’. (3) Both cultivars were rich in vitamin Cꎬ showing a consistent trend of an initial
increase followed by a subsequent decrease. (4) Mineral element contents exhibited considerable fluctuation during the
early growth stages. The potassium content increasedꎬ while the contents of other measured minerals decreasedꎬ with
calcium showing the most pronounced decline (75. 00%). (5) The total acid content increased initially and then
decreasedꎬ while the total sugar contents increased rapidly upon entry into the maturation stage. (6) The dietary fiber
contents of both cultivars displayed a significant decreasing trend after the fruit reached maturity. In conclusionꎬ fruits of
both ‘Jiuyue’ and ‘Huanyou No.1’ possess a favorable fruit shapeꎬ are rich in vitaminsꎬ mineral elementsꎬ and dietary
fiberꎬ and have a moderate sweetnessꎬ indicating high potential for promotion and commercialization. The differential
accumulation patterns of various compounds throughout fruit development provide valuable insights for assessing the
nutritional and potential medicinal value of the fruits. Furthermoreꎬ these findings offer crucial guidance for optimizing
agricultural practices to enhance fruit quality and nutrient content.
Key words: Actinidia argutaꎬ fruitꎬ trait changesꎬ nutrientsꎬ accumulation law
果实品质的形成与营养物质积累规律及性状 适宜ꎬ营养丰富ꎬ兼具抗氧化、降血糖、抗炎、抗癌
变化密切相关ꎬ深入探究其动态特征对优化栽培 等药用功效( Kim et al.ꎬ 2018ꎻ王梦旭等ꎬ2019)ꎮ
技术、提升果实商品价值具有重要的科学意义与 此外ꎬ其果实还可加工成果酒( 温锦丽等ꎬ2023)、
实用价值ꎮ 软枣猕猴桃( Actinidia arguta) 作为猕 果酱(李柏阳ꎬ2023)、罐头( 李硕等ꎬ2020) 等ꎬ深
猴桃科特色小浆果资源ꎬ兼具营养价值与经济价 受消费者青睐ꎬ应用前景广阔ꎮ
值ꎬ被誉为“第三代水果代表”ꎮ 软枣猕猴桃为猕 我国东北地区特有的冷凉气候 赋 予 软 枣 猕
猴桃科猕猴桃属大型落叶藤本植物ꎬ具有抗寒特 猴桃独特 的 品 质 特 性ꎬ 其 中 ‘ 桓 优 一 号’ 与 ‘ 九
性( 马乐ꎬ2023)ꎬ广泛分布于东北三省( 李书倩ꎬ 月’ 作为中晚熟代表性品种ꎬ分别通过本地选育
2014)ꎬ其果实为浆果ꎬ果香独特ꎬ可带皮食用ꎬ具 与引种驯化形成差异化优势ꎮ ‘ 桓优一号’ 9 月
有较高的食用和药用价值ꎮ 有研究表明ꎬ软枣猕 中旬成熟ꎬ以果实大( 单果重 22.00 ~ 36.70 g) 、丰
猴桃果实中含有多种维生素、膳食纤维和矿物质 产稳产( 亩产 600 ~ 1 000 kg) 及超长挂树期( 延
(Baranowska ̄Wojcikꎬ2019ꎻ李红莉等ꎬ2022)ꎻ酸甜 迟采收 15 d) 著称ꎬ维生素 C 含量达 3 791 mg

